Bracoviruses associate symbiotically with thousands of parasitoid wasp species in the family Braconidae, working as virulence gene vectors, and allowing the development of wasp larvae within hosts. These viruses are composed of multiple DNA circles that are packaged into infective particles, and injected together with wasp's eggs during parasitization. One of the viral segments of Cotesia vesta...

In this paper, the practical engineering of a 420 m PC continuous beam bridge is taken as research object, and an external prestressing reinforcement method proposed to reinforce damaged cracked girder. The paper study structural performance before after reinforcement. heavy vehicle loading test reinforced was carried out. A total three spans were selected, each span selected seven deflection s...