investigating transfer of one’s pragmatic knowledge of first language to his second or foreign language has been one of the areas of interest for researchers. however, there are contradictory results even within the scarce studies which have addressed transferability. this study was an attempt to investigate perceived pragmatic transferability of l1 refusal strategies by persian efl learners. s...

Refusals are complex face-threatening speech acts whose appropriate performance requires not only lengthy sequences of negotiation and cooperative achievements, but also face-saving strategies to accommodate the disruptive nature act (Gass & Houck 1999). Also, since they have a face threatening nature, subject cultural variations. Consequently, care must be taken in choice refusal strategie...

This paper presents findings from a longitudinal study of patient refusals (as reported by graduating medical students) to take part in the teaching function of public hospitals. Results from a smaller study of non-patients' attitudes are also reported. Findings are discussed in terms of patients' rights, issues of personal privacy, medical education, and the public good.

Abstract This exploratory study examined L2 Spanish learners’ tone choices and oral fluency when producing preferred dispreferred speech acts, specifically acceptances refusals. Participants were 27 college students enrolled in intermediate-level classes. They completed a video-based speaking task that elicited four refusals response to imaginary scenarios (two status-equal two status-unequal f...