I examine the economic costs and benefits of granting a right of first refusal to one of two bidders in a procurement auction. This right permits the favored bidder to win a contract by matching the bid of the competing bidder. Such a right, is often observed in business interactions, especially procurement. It is commonly thought that the right of first refusal lowers the payoff to the auction...

The present study, on the one hand, attempted to investigate the strategies applied in dispreferred responses by Iranian university students of English and the extent to which pragmatic transfer could occur.  On the other hand, the study aimed to probe into the association between dispreferred organization and turn-shape. To this end, 31 relevant naturally occurring conversations, totaling 120 ...

Functional analyses of inappropriate mealtime behavior typically include conditions to determine if the contingent delivery of attention, tangible items, or escape reinforce food refusal. In the current investigation, descriptive analyses were conducted for 25 children who had been admitted to a program for the assessment and treatment of food refusal to determine if the consequences commonly d...

BACKGROUND The Cohort Multiple Randomised Controlled Trial (cmRCT) is a newly proposed pragmatic trial design; recently several cmRCT have been initiated. This study tests the unresolved question of whether differential refusal in the intervention arm leads to bias or loss of statistical power and how to deal with this. METHODS We conduct simulations evaluating a hypothetical cluster cmRCT in...