Given the illumination and the surface normal at a point on a convex surface, the effect of small changes in surface normal direction on observed reflected radiance is examined. A signal-processing framework suitable for the hemispherical geometry of the problem is applied to discuss surface reflection in terms of convolving incident illumination with the reflectance function. Depending on the ...

Mental rotation functions often evidence a curvilinear trend indicating relative indifference to small departures from the upright. In Experiment 1, this was true only for normal letters. whereas reflected letters yielded a largely linear rotation function. This suggested that the internal representation of familiar visual patterns is characterized by broad orientation tuning that allows recogn...

We studied the effects of coronary occlusion and of subsequent ouabain administration on regional myocardial function, flow, and electrograms in 14 conscious dogs. Coronary occlusion resulted in a graded loss of regional function as reflected by measurements of segment length (SL), velocity of SL shortening and myocardial "work" from the normal to severely ischemic zones, along with graded flow...

We propose a quartic function to represent a family of continuous quality loss functions. Depending on the choice of its parameters the shape of this function within the specification limits can be either symmetric or asymmetric, and it can be either similar to the ubiquitous quadratic loss function or somewhat closer to the conventional step function. We examine this family of loss functions i...

Aged killer (AK) T cells are antigen-independent, IL-2-requiring variants of antigen-dependent CTL clones that have lost their original antigen specificity and have acquired, instead, specific cytotoxicity for P815 target cells. In this report we study whether AK cells use a similar or a different target cell recognition system than that of bona fide CTL. To this end, we selected from a cloned ...

The need for efficient and accurate identification of pathogens in seafood the environment has become increasingly urgent, given current global pandemic. Traditional methods are not only time consuming but also lead to sample wastage. Here, we have proposed two new that involve Raman spectroscopy combined with a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network compared them method using normal conv...