we solve the coupled mode equations governing the chalcogenide nonlinear fiber bragg gratings (fbgs) numerically, and obtain the bistability characteristics. the characteristics of the chalcogenide nonlinear fbgs such as: switching threshold intensity, bistability interval, on-off switching ratio are studied. the effects of fbg length and its third order nonlinear refractive index on fbg charac...

Modern power converters frequently require snubberless operation of p-i-n diodes [1]. Due to the presence of fast-switching components, like last-generation GTOs and IGBTs, the diodes must be able to withstand, at turn-off, quick inductive switching, i.e., large, negative time derivatives of the diode current ((dID/dt)1<0) without large overvoltages, which requires a limited time derivative ((d...

Power reduction during testing is one of the most important challenges for the VLSI design and test engineers. Switching is one of the important contributors to the power consumption of on chip buses. This paper addresses the problem of minimizing power dissipation due to switching of the busses during testing. For memory testing, many read/write cycles are required (as per March algorithm), in...

The working-zone encoding (WZE) method employing locality of memory reference was previously proposed to reduce address bus switching activity. This paper presents an encoding method that retains the advantage of WZE in switching activity reduction, but does not incur excessive path delay and area overhead. The proposed method is scalable for large bus width. Our encoder (decoder) has up to 58%...

To achieve the soft-switching condition and stabilize the output voltage of quasi-resonant converters, the paper proposes a double closed-loop control method (DCCM). In the inner loop, soft-switching is guaranteed with the off-time of the switch determined by the zero-crossing signal of the switching voltage. In the outer loop, the output voltage is regulated to be constant against load variati...

The purpose of this work is to design a fuzzy integral controller to force the switching of a bioprocess between two different metabolic states. A continuous baking yeast culture is divided in two sub-models: a respiro-fermentative with ethanol production and a respirative with ethanol consumption. The switching between both different metabolic states is achieved by means of tracking a referenc...

In this paper, an energy-efficient switching scheme with additional quarter-reference voltage sources in a successive approximation register (SAR) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is proposed for low power and small area device frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar transceivers. Recently, state-of-the-art ADCs have adopted configuration that also uses Vref/2 as the reference of to i...

This paper presents a switching strategy for multilevel cascade inverters, based on the space-vector theory. The proposed high-performance strategy generates a voltage vector across the load with minimum error with respect to the sinusoidal reference. In addition, it generates very low harmonic distortion operating with reduced switching frequency, without the use of traditional sinusoidal puls...