The excessive production of bauxite residue (red mud) in the Bayer process is one major challenges amongst alumina producers. Pedersen known as a combination smelting reduction and leaching treatment produced slag for production, also produces an inert (grey mud), which more suitable further processing compared to red mud. This paper describes life cycle assessment two processes, current commer...

Sustainable utilization of the bauxite residue (red mud) generated from alumina refining has recently increased due to environmental concerns because its high alkalinity and problematic pollutants when placed in landfills. This paper attempts review recent research findings utilizing red mud as a road material pavement structures literature, including bases asphalt mixtures. Previous laboratory...

Red mud or bauxite residue contains significant quantities of industrial metals such as Fe, Al, and Ti, well rare earth elements Sc, Ce, La. The authors performed a laboratory-scale project dealing with stepwise recovery valuable from two residues, namely Iranian red (IRM) Turkish (TRM). first stage involved the iron which was present in large mud. Two different methods were investigated for th...

Popular techniques of waste treatment are often very expensive and difficult to access.Nowadays, billions tons valuable material deposited in landfills without using potential. The factthat five ten percent the total carbon dioxide emissions coming from civil engineering, actually theproduction cement, means that it is necessary find some alternative materials. Alkali-activated materials -geopo...