the natural ventilation is an easy way to exchange the indoor polluted warm air with outdoor fresh air. the wind power injects outdoor fresh air into the building. a good indoor air current and subsequently a proper exhaust depend on the openings’ conditions and their situations. a serious architectural question is under what conditions of the openings the wind-cross ventilation can be effectiv...

We present an efficient and powerful algorithm for detecting openings. Openings indicate the existence of a new path for the robot. The reliable detection of new openings is of great relevance for the domain of moving objects [2] as a robot typically needs to detect openings for itself to navigate through. It is also especially relevant to the domain of Navigation Among Movable Obstacles in kno...

Change in the spatial characteristics of forest openings was investigated in three forested watersheds in northwestern Siskiyou County, California totalling approximately 24,600 hectares. Watersheds with minimal human disturbance were chosen for study. However, fi;e suppression has been pervasive throughout. Characteristics of forest openings (area, perimeter, distance between neighboring openi...

Over 90% of framed structures in Uganda are built from reinforced concrete. Prior to the 1990’s, most buildings had no openings in slabs, yet in city centers buildings butt against each other with widows at front and back only. This limited retail activities to front rooms of the ground floor and the buildings had to be narrow. A baseline survey of 50 shopping malls in Kampala Central Business ...

mosque architecture is considered as a potent visual symbol of the islamic architects’ design ability. prayer-hall as the manifestation of equality between the believers and the unity of architectural space has challenged such an ability throughout the history. this study, considering the characteristics of light-openings in the domes of iranian mosques’ prayer-hall, aims to investigate these d...

Mosque architecture is considered as a potent visual symbol of the Islamic architects’ design ability. Prayer-hall as the manifestation of equality between the believers and the unity of architectural space has challenged such an ability throughout the history. This study, considering the characteristics of light-openings in the domes of Iranian mosques’ Prayer-hall, aims to investigate thes...

PURPOSE To elucidate the potential of three-dimensional anterior segment optical coherence tomography (3D AS-OCT) for identifying filtration openings where aqueous humor flows from the sclera into the subconjunctival space. METHODS We used 3D AS-OCT and custom software to identify filtration openings, which were defined by pits and/or troughs in fluid-filled cavities in both horizontal and ve...

Abstract Based on the excitation theory of L.A. Vainstein obtained simple and convenient iterative relations for a resonator in form rectangular parallelepiped with dielectric layer through several coupling windows its walls. Theexpansion field terms complete system solenoidal functions is used. Solenoidality due to fact that electric fields openings waveguides walls, fed coaxial-waveguide tran...