The Neotropical genus Eigenmannia is a fish group with unknown species diversity where representatives possess a broad range of chromosomal sex determining systems namely XY/XX, X(1)X(2)Y/X(1)X(1)X(2)X(2), ZZ/ZW as well as homomorphic sex chromosomes. To test the homology of two heteromorphic XY sex chromosome systems present in two sympatric populations, reciprocal cross-species FISH experimen...

Many studies have found strong peer correlations for a variety of problem behaviors that begin in adolescence (e.g. substance use). Such correlations are commonly attributed to peer influences, but could also be explained by selective ('assortative') friendship: the tendency for those with similar patterns of behavior to become friends. Here we show how, under certain assumptions, cross-section...

Child sleep and adjustment research with community samples is on the rise with a recognized need of explicating this association. We examined reciprocal relations between children's sleep and their internalizing and externalizing symptoms using 3 waves of data spanning 5 years. Participants included 176 children at Time 1 (M = 8.68 years; 69% European American, 31% African American), 141 childr...

Silicon waveguide optical non-reciprocal devices based on the magneto-optical effect are reviewed. The non-reciprocal phase shift caused by the first-order magneto-optical effect is effective in realizing optical non-reciprocal devices in silicon waveguide platforms. In a silicon-on-insulator waveguide, the low refractive index of the buried oxide layer enhances the magneto-optical phase shift,...

The reciprocal relationship between mathematics achievement and self-concept is examined in this study to expand the existing knowledge to a cross-cultural setting. Based on analyses of educational data two years before and after Hong Kong’s sovereignty switch in 1997, this investigation shows a weak reciprocal relationship among the eighth-grade students across gender categories. With the intr...

Using a cross-sectional design, this study determined the time course of aging effects on rapid discrete and reciprocal aiming movements in men and women. A total of 80 men and 61 women in good health were classified into six age groups (25, 35, 45, 55, 65, and 75 years). The discrete task required participants to make one discrete aiming movement, whereas the reciprocal task required a series ...

Using the Stickelberger-Swan theorem, the parity of the number of irreducible factors of a self-reciprocal even-degree polynomial over a finite field will be hereby characterized. It will be shown that in the case of binary fields such a characterization can be presented in terms of the exponents of the monomials of the self-reciprocal polynomial.

Let Hm(z) be a sequence of polynomials whose generating function ∑∞ m=0 Hm(z)t m is the reciprocal of a bivariate polynomial D(t, z). We show that in the three cases D(t, z) = 1 + B(z)t + A(z)t, D(t, z) = 1 + B(z)t + A(z)t and D(t, z) = 1 + B(z)t + A(z)t, where A(z) and B(z) are any polynomials in z with complex coefficients, the roots of Hm(z) lie on a portion of a real algebraic curve whose e...

Many applications give rise to structured, in particular T-palindromic, matrix polynomials. In order to solve a polynomial eigenvalue problem P (λ)x = 0, where P (λ) is a T-palindromic matrix polynomial, it is convenient to use palindromic linearizations to ensure that the symmetries in the eigenvalues, elementary divisors, and minimal indices of P (λ) due to the palindromicity are preserved. I...