“The country being wholly his, the king farms out his land not for money but for service, and the people enjoy portions of land from the king and instead of rent they have their several appointments, some are to serve the king in his wars, some in their trades, some serve him for labourers and others are as farmers to furnish his house with the fruits of the ground; and so all things are done w...

Conserved lands provide multiple ecosystem services, including opportunities for nature-based recreation. Managing this service requires understanding the landscape attributes underpinning its provision, and how changes in land management affect its contribution to human wellbeing over time. However, evidence from both spatially explicit and temporally dynamic analyses is scarce, often due to d...

Decentralizing natural resource management to local people, especially in tropical countries, has become a trend. We review recent evidence for the impacts of decentralization on the biodiversity values of forests and forested landscapes, which encompass most of the biodiversity of the tropics. Few studies document the impact of decentralized management on biodiversity. We conclude that there m...

Public timberlands represent the smallest of major ownership classes in Arkansas; of the State’s 18.38 million ac of timberland, the public owns 3.198 million ac, or 17.4 percent. Of that total, > 85 percent is in Federal ownership (70.8 percent in national forests). State lands account for 12.4 percent, and county and municipal lands, about 2 percent. Compared to other ownerships, public timbe...

1. introduction as a result of the urban sprawl, brownfield areas are accessible in all the cities of the world as well as the iranian cities such as mashhad. these vacant lands provide cities with the possibilities of the inner development and more compact cities. in other words, brownfield areas can promote the compactness by promoting cities in terms of economy durability, social inclusion, ...

BACKGROUND Private land conservation is an essential strategy for biodiversity protection in the USA, where half of the federally listed species have at least 80% of their habitat on private lands. We investigated the alignment between private land protection conducted by the world's largest land trust (The Nature Conservancy) and the science driven identification of priority areas for conserva...