The difference principle, introduced by Rawls (1971, 1993), is generally interpreted as leximin, but this is not how he intended it. Rawls explicitly states that the difference principle requires that aggregate benefits (e.g., average or total) to those in the least advantaged group be given lexical priority over benefits to others, where the least advantaged group includes more than the strict...

O objetivo deste artigo é o de articular uma interpretação da teoria Mill acerca do fundamento dos direitos que seja capaz responder às críticas Rawls. Primeiro, se apresenta os aspectos mais gerais visão direitos. Depois, articula a tese milliana levando em conta as Rawls utilitarismo não consegue justificar Conclui-se atribuir igualitariamente, eles possuem força moral razoável e fazer atribu...

Critics of Rawls's A Theory Justice frequently envision his original position as containing a human consciousness. Thus, the re- strictions Rawls introduces for this ‘individual’—the lack particular circumstantial and personal information—is considered potential problem. The very ways in which circumscribes knowledge available is thought to compromise personhood individual there, hence well con...

The critique of utilitarianism forms a crucial subplot in the complex analysis of social justice that John Rawls develops in his first book, A Theory of Justice. 1 The weaknesses of utilitarianism indicate the need for an alternative theory, and at many stages of the argument the test for the adequacy of the new theory that Rawls elaborates is whether it can be demonstrated to be superior to th...

Using germ-free animals, Rawls et al. (2006) reveal that the gut of a given host can be colonized by the microbiota of another vertebrate. Remarkably, the recipient host then shapes the composition of the non-native microbiota to more closely resemble that of its native consortium.