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In this paper performance characteristics for a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube are presented. The was of divergent design and optimised both size performance, to be used supply cold air turbomachinery experiments with feed in the pressure range 3.0–7.0 bar, overall mass flow rates 0.05–0.14 kg/s. Optimum fixed parameters selected from literature were: ratio cold-exit diameter inlet internal (0.50); ...

In this study, the past investigations of the design criteria of vortex tubes were overviewed and the detailed information was presented on the design of them. Vortex tubes were classified and the type of them was described. All criteria on the design of vortex tubes were given in detail using experimental and theoretical results from the past until now. Finally, the criteria on the design of t...

Vortex tube is a simple energy separation device, also known as Ranque tube or Hilsch tube, which can separate a high-pressure stream into two different hot and cold streams. Since its simple structure and unique temperature separation characteristics, vortex tube has been widely used in various industries. In recent years, with the in-depth study of the vortex tube, it has been found that comp...

Background: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a fibrotic autoimmune disease characterized by dermatological involvement. Skin involvement can alter appearance, which have psychological impact(1). Assessment of body image could be central in optimizing care. Yet, data are scarce(2). Objectives: The main objective our study was to assess aesthetic impairment measured on visual scale (AES) (3) patients ...