ment of the risk posed by these materials requires an understanding of how different approaches may reduce risk and their relative cost-effectiveness both alone and in combination. There are various approaches to hazardous materials transportation risk reduction. A variety of operations research techniques have been developed and applied to consider each approach individually, including conside...

Indian railway is one of the largest networks in country. Its motto “the life line country”, and main transport completed by railways Railroad cheapest safest means transport, but there are also certain accidents on railroad. 60% caused road failures or formation cracks road. Today’s rail systems involve manual track inspection, which cumbersome not entirely effective. However, detection correc...

In recent years, remote non-contact NDE techniques have been sought in an effort to improve railroad related inspection operations. More specifically, efforts have been aimed at increasing the inspection coverage and performing dynamic inspections for railroad tracks and wheels. Throughout most of the 20th century, dynamic inspections of railroad tracks have been developed and performed, howeve...

This article discusses the design and implementation of laboratory equipment suitable for teaching and research in the area of embedded and real-time systems, and examines some possible studies and avenues concerning this subject matter. The laboratory is designed and assembled around several commercially available components. Its main software components are the integrated software development...

Based on cellular automaton and multi-agent model, we propose a novel hybrid model for distributed simulation of train-group in the railway traffic. An improved cellular automaton model is designed for simulating the underlying structure of the railroad and a multi-agent model is used for dynamic scheduling of the train-group. The combination of both models answers for the distributed simulatio...

Railroad transportation of hazardous materials did not receive as much attention as highway transportation in the academic literature, although comparable volumes are shipped via these two transport modes in North America and Europe. In this paper we present an optimization methodology for the railroad tactical planning problem with risk and cost objectives. We determine the routes to be utiliz...

The Brazilian freights railroad transportation, in the last five years, is achieving a significant growth. Currently, the railroad transport operators use performance evaluation measures, related to financial and operational aspects, being that in some cases, there isn’t a relation of cause and effect between them. According to the Brazilian research, 85% of the railroad transport companies use...

We study the sawtooth lattice of a coupled spin 1/2 Heisenberg system, a variant of the railroad trestle lattice. The ground state of this system is twofold degenerate with periodic boundary conditions and supports kink antikink excitations, which are distinct in this case, unlike the railroad trestle lattice. The resulting low temperature thermodynamics is compared with the recently discovered...

The benefit provisions and legislative history of the 1951 amendments to the Railroad Retirement Act were summarized in the February Bulletin. In this issue the Chief Actuary of the Social Security Administration discusses the financial and actuarial implications of the amended law, with special emphasis on the provisions coordinating in some measure the railroad program with old-age and surviv...