Acetone extract of the ganglia of Fusinus ferrugineus was applied to C-18 cartridges, and the flowthrough and retained materials were bioassayed on the radula retractor muscle of the animal. The flowthrough was found to have a potent contractile action and the retained material a potent contraction-inhibiting action in addition to a weak contractile action. The retained material was then applie...

L. R. da Silva1, A. A. Tateishi2, M. K. Lenzi3, E. K. Lenzi2, and P. C. da Silva1,4 1Departamento de Fı́sica and National Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 59072-970, Natal, RN, Brazil 2Departamento de Fı́sica and National Institute of Science and Technology for Complex Systems, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo, ...

Previous studies have shown that each buccal ganglion in Aplysia contains two B52 neurons, one in each hemiganglion. We now show that there are two B52 neurons in a single buccal hemiganglion and four cells in an animal. We also show that the B52 neurons are histamine-immunoreactive and use reverse phase HPLC to show that the histamine-immunoreactive substance is authentic histamine. Previous s...

The Middle Cambrian lophotrochozoans Odontogriphus omalus and Wiwaxia corrugata have been interpreted as stem-group members of either the Mollusca, the Annelida, or a group containing Mollusca + Annelida. The case for each classification rests on the organisms' unusual mouthparts, whose two to three tooth-rows resemble both the molluscan radula and the jaws of certain annelid worms. Despite the...

The state of the art of turrid (=Turridae s. l.) systematics is that shells - when they include the protoconch - are reliable species-level identifiers, but inadequate proxies for allocation to genera or subfamilies. Generally, the radula is used for allocation to a (sub)family, but the hypothesis that the radula is a more adequate proxy than the shell for relationships has not yet been tested ...

We present a new classification for the genus Conus sensu lato (family Conidae), based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of 329 species. This classification departs from both the traditional classification in only one genus and from a recently proposed shell- and radula-based classification scheme that separates members of this group into five families and 115 genera. Roughly 140 genus-group n...

248 words; Text: 27 pages; Figures: 10; Tables: 0 Contacts: Dr. Norekian Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences Tempe, AZ 85287-4501, USA Phone: (480)965-4027; FAX: (480)965-6899 E-mail: [email protected] Articles in PresS. J Neurophysiol (August 25, 2004). doi:10.1152/jn.00722.2004 Copyright © 2004 by the American Physiological Society. Coordination of Neural Networks 2 Abstra...

The radula of five species of South American Ampullariidae was analysed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) with the purpose of enlarging new studies on the systematic of this family. The studied species were Pomacea canaliculata (Lamarck, 1822), Pomacea scalaris (d'Orbigny, 1835), Pomella (P.) megastoma (Gray, 1847), Asolene (A.) platae (Maton, 1809) and Felipponea neritiniformis (Dall, 1919...