BACKGROUND Producing transgenic chickens with chicken blastodermal cells (cBCs) is inefficient due to the extremely low germline transmission capacity of cBCs. As chicken primordial germ cells (PGCs) have been reported as an efficient method for producing transgenic chickens, the inefficiency of cBCs could potentially be resolved by inducing them to differentiate into germ cells. However, wheth...

Reproductive biotechnologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) enable improved reproductive efficiency of animals. However, the birth rate of in vitro-derived embryos still lags behind that of their in vivo counterparts. Thus, it is critical to develop an accurate evaluation and prediction system of embryo competence, both for commercial purposes and ...

Although the competence level in pharmaceutical cold chain logistics is adequate current healthcare sector, future will be more unpredictable, disruptive, and chaotic than world of today because rapid technological changes, as well social disruption. This work introduces evaluates a new structure based on enhanced reference process model (RPM) architecture (RA) for design. The modified Delphi t...

The topic of this paper, competences needed for outsourcing, is organized by first providing a generic competence scheme, which is subsequently instantiated to the area of sourcing and outsourcing. Sourcing and outsourcing are positioned as different areas of activity, neither one of which is subsumed under the other one. It is argued that competences relevant for outsourcing are mainly communi...

After almost two decades of intensified research, regulatory and political activities focussed on the prevention of harmful organisms and pathogen transfers around the world, in 2004 the International Convention on the Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments (BWM Convention) was adopted to provide for a common and globally uniform ballast water management (BWM) approach. Recognising th...

This paper describes the depth of treatment of generic attributes coverage in a regional university (RU) information systems undergraduate curriculum, and compares it to the coverage in a large capital city university (CCU). Comparisons are made with the perceived industry requirements as stated in the Australian Computer Society (ACS) Core Body of Knowledge. The investigative techniques used t...

abstractbackground: 226 ra and 228 ra contents in foodstuffs of ramsar which is a coastal city in the northern part of iran were determined by gamma spectrometry. measurement results together with food consumption rates were used to estimate annual effective dose from  226 ra and 228 ra, due to consumption of food stuffs by inhabitants of ramsar city.materials and methods: a total of 33 samples...

Abstract Abstract Background: Availability and affordability of medicines are crucial to achieving success in prevention programs, particularly in developing countries. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the availability and affordability of cardiovascular medicines for secondary prevention in Tehran province of Iran. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tehran pro...

This article proposes to study the first 12 years of the Minas Gerais Radium Institute, founded in 1922. Its work in the fight against cancer in Brazil, albeit still little known, is coming to light as its institutional documents are studied. A database has been prepared using information from its patient register, based on which statistical analyses have been done to identify the types of canc...