Transmission of encephalomyocarditis-virus (EMCV) has been estimated in experiments, but never using field data. In this field study, a farm in Belgium was selected where the presence of EMCV was confirmed by necropsy and virus isolation. Serology was used to estimate the transmission parameter R0. In one compartment with 630 pigs, 6 pens were fully sampled, in the remaining 38 pens, 2 randomly...

The boundary value problem z ′′ ρ·g·z − p /γ 1 z′ 2 3/2 − 1/r · 1 z′ 2 ·z′, r ∈ r1, r0 , z′ r1 − tan π/2 − αg , z′ r0 − tanαc, z r0 0, and z r is strictly decreasing on r1, r0 , is considered. Here, 0 < r1 < r0, ρ, g, γ, p, αc, αg are constants having the following properties: ρ, g, γ are strictly positive and 0 < π/2 − αg < αc < π/2. Necessary or sufficient conditions are given in terms of p f...

The dynamics of a general in-host model with intracellular delay is studied. The model can describe in vivo infections of HIV-I, HCV, and HBV. It can also be considered as a model for HTLV-I infection. We derive the basic reproduction number R0 for the viral infection, and establish that the global dynamics are completely determined by the values of R0. If R0 < or = 1, the infection-free equili...

We examine, with asymptotic analysis and numerical simulation, the iterated stretching dynamics of FENE and Oldroyd-B jets of initial radius r0 , shear viscosity n, Weissenberg number We, retardation number S, and capillary number Ca. The usual Rayleigh instability stretches the local uniaxial extensional flow region near a minimum in jet radius into a primary filament of radius @Ca(12S)/We#r0 ...

BACKGROUND Within the last few decades Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) emerged Europe-wide as a major vector for epizootic viral diseases e.g. caused by Bluetongue (BT) or Schmallenberg virus. In accordance with the EU regulation 1266/2007, veterinary authorities are requested to determine vector-free periods for loosing trade and movement restrictions of susceptible livestock. Addit...

BACKGROUND The evaluation of swelling is important for the outcome of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. The circumference or volume measurements are applicable at the bedside of the patient but are altered by muscular atrophy and the post-surgical dressing. Bioimpedance spectroscopy might overcome these limitations; however, it should be validated. This study aimed to explore the validity,...

We study a susceptible-infected-susceptible model with distributed delays. By constructing suitable Lyapunov functionals, we demonstrate that the global dynamics of this model is fully determined by the basic reproductive ratio R0. To be specific, we prove that if R0 ≤ 1, then the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable. On the other hand, if R0>1, then the endemic equilibriu...

We still need to show that the directions p0, p1, . . . , pn−1 generated by Algorithms 1 and (2) are conjugate wrt A. If so, then by Theorem 11.3, this algorithm will terminate in n steps. The next theorem shows this property, along with two other important properties: (i) the residuals ri are mutually orthogonal, and (ii) each pk and rk is contained in the Krylov subspace of degree k for r0, d...

I present here the results of the study of the gravitational radiation generated by the infall (from rest at radius r0) of a point particle of mass m0 into a Schwarzschild black hole of mass M . We use Laplace’s transform methods and find that the spectra of radiation for ∼ 5M < r0 < ∞ presents a series of evenly spaced bumps. The total radiated energy is not monotonically decreasing with r0, b...

Both seasonal demand r and total demand R in the production inventory model are difficult to estimate precisely to actual r0 and R0 values, respectively. Hence, we will set the membership grade at r0 and R0 in an interval [λ, 1], 0 < λ < 1, and then, obtain the interval-valued fuzzy sets r̃ and R̃, respectively. For each production quantity period q, we can obtain the fuzzy total cost Gq ( r̃, R̃ )...