A generic stationary instability that arise in quasi-reversible systems is studying, which is characterized by the confluence of three eigenvalues at the origin of complex plane with only one eigenfunction. We characterize the unified description of this bifurcation and the dynamics exhibits by this model. In particular, the chaotic behavior—homoclinic Shilnikov chaos—exhibits by this model. A ...

Fourier transform analysis of ramped square-wave voltammograms indicates the availability of a novel form of kinetic selectivity for surface-confined electron-transfer processes. Thus, for all the even harmonic components, quasi-reversible processes are sensitive to the surface coverage, the reversible potential, the electron-transfer rate constant (k(0')), and the electron-transfer coefficient...

One of the most appealing features ion-selective electrodes (ISE) is their ease use, an electrical method used to measure common elements such as sodium, potassium, and chlorine in autoanalyzer its development for measurement heavy zinc copper through manufacture highly selective sensitive electrodes. A new metals oxide carbon paste electrode (MCPE) with good ion-capturing detect level serum so...

Thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) are flavin-containing dithioloxidoreductases that couple reduction equivalents from the soluble NAD(P)H pool to the soluble protein thioredoxin (Trx). Previous crystallographic studies of the Escherichia coli enzyme ( ecTrxR) have shown that low molecular weight TrxRs can adopt two distinct conformations: the first (FO) is required for the oxidation of the flavin ...