The techniques used to examine urine with a view to determining whether or not it is infected vary widely. Although the results produced at any one hospital are usually reproducible and, with experience, interpretable, it is often difficult or impossible to compare accurately these findings with those of any other hospital. This state of affairs is sufficiently disturbing, but there also exists...

Cognitive technology enables licensed users (primary users, PUs) to trade the surplus spectrum and to transfer temporarily spectrum usage right to the unlicensed users (secondary users, SUs) to get some reward. The rented spectrum is used to establish secondary network. However, the rented spectrum size influences the quality of service (QoS) for the PU and the gained rewards. Therefore, the PU...

—This paper considers an OFDMA-based cooperative cognitive radio network where the secondary users (SUs) act as the relay of the primary users (PUs) while guaranteeing the quality of service (QoS) of the PUs. In return, the SUs access the spectrum licensed to PUs in both time and frequency without impacting the communication of the PUs. A joint resource allocation problem is formulated to maxi...

IS1397 and ISKpn1 are IS3 family members which are specifically inserted into the loop of palindromic units (PUs). IS1397 is shown to transpose into PUs with sequences close or identical to the Escherichia coli consensus, even in other enterobacteria (Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Klebsiella oxytoca). Moreover, we show that homologous intergenic regions con...

Solution behaviour of PUs of different composition in DMF, LiBr/DMF, and THF was studied by a static light scattering (LS), size exclusion chromatography coupled to a multi-angle light scattering (SEC-MALS), and viscometry. The influence of PU chemical composition, kind of a solvent, and addition of simple salts on PU hydrodynamic volume was investigated. The values of the second virial coeffic...

The methods used successfully to examine pus from abscesses of the central nervous system are described. The association between direct inoculation of intracranial pus into a liquid anaerobic culture medium and the isolation of viable bacteria is emphasised. Cultural methods for the recognition of the streptococci associated with brain abscess and methods for the assay of antimicrobial drugs in...

We report the case of a 46-year-old female who presented with a category IV pressure ulcer (PU) in the sacral region. Undermining of the PU was assessed with the aid of two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound (3D-US).3D-US clearly visualized the wound in three directions and allowed determination of its volume. Our results show that volumetric analysis carried out with 3D-US enables th...

In a study of the prevalence of rectal infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) in a group of homosexual men the magnified appearance of the rectal mucosa correlated with isolation of the virus. HSV was isolated from rectal material from five of 77 men with proctitis of unknown cause but from none of 44 control patients without proctitis; two of four men with HSV proctitis were asymptomatic. T...