the current paper studies the relationship between organizational spirituality and organizational health in the department of culture and islamic guidance consisting of 168 employees. data were gathered using two questionnaires. the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the academic and organizational experts, and the reliability was tested using cronbach's alpha. the collected d...

The Association of Schools of Public Health (ASPH) released the Doctor of Public Health (DrPH) Core Competency Model in 2009. Between 2007 and 2009, a national expert panel with members of the academic and practice communities guided by the ASPH Education Committee developed its 7 performance domains, including 54 competencies. We provide an overview and analysis of the challenges and issues a...

health reforms that emphasize public health and improvements in primary care can be cost-effective measures to achieve health improvements, especially in developing countries that face severe resource constraints. in their paper “shanghai rising: health improvements as measured by avoidable mortality since 2000,” gusmano et al suggest that shanghai’s health policy-makers have been successful in...

This essay focuses on the pioneer activities of public health dentistry in Brazil and its evolution in the 20th century with emphasis on the emergency of a landmark, the sanitary dentistry. Social and preventive dentistry and market dentistry, with reference to the main theoretical works representative of these trends, are presented. The essential characteristics of collective oral health (Braz...

there are many reasons for the health inequities that we see around the world today. public policy and the way society organises its affairs affects the economic, social and physical factors that influence the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work and age - the social determinants of health. tackling health inequities is a political issue that requires leadership, political cour...