BACKGROUND There is controversy about whether psychotherapies are effective in the treatment of subclinical depression, defined by clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the absence of a major depressive disorder. AIMS To examine whether psychotherapies are effective in reducing depressive symptoms, reduce the risk of developing major depressive disorder and have comparable effects to psy...

Using qualitative netnography of a USA social media group with >6000 members, we show that nature tourism can provide psychological rescue and rehabilitation, at levels comparable to clinical counselling chemotherapies, for women who have suffered trauma, abuse, injury illness. Diagnosis, design, duration psychotherapies deserve further testing, potential application in post-pandemic mental hea...

Although there has only been one randomized controlled clinical trial of ART for the treatment of PTSD1 and several case reports/case series,2-5 ART has firm roots in traumafocused psychotherapies that have an extensive evidence-base.6,7 Though the structure and protocols of ART are different, the principles and theory behind other trauma-focused therapies, particularly EMDR, completely support...

This article describes self-cultivation practices originating from the cultural traditions of Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism. It delineates the therapeutic implications of the three states of self pursued by these three traditions: namely, the relational self, the authentic self, and the nonself. Several psychotherapy techniques derived from each of these traditions are discussed in the con...

The logic of the randomized double-blind placebo control group design is presented, and problems with using the design in psychotherapy are discussed. Placebo effects are estimated by examining clinical trials in medicine and psychotherapy. In medicine, a recent meta-analysis of clinical trials with treatment, placebo, and no treatment arms was conducted (Hróbjartsson & Gøtzsche, 2001), and it ...