the purpose of the present study is to develop appropriate scoring scales for each of the defined stages of the writing process, and also to determine to what extent these scoring scales can reliably and validly assess the performances of efl learners in an academic writing task. two hundred and two students’ writing samples were collected after a step-by-step process oriented essay writing ins...

The prevalence of psychological problems is frequent in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and appears to be increasing. The current study investigated the relationship among disease parameters, quality of life, and the psychological status in Chinese patients with SLE. A self-report survey design was administered to 170 SLE patients and 210 healthy individuals using the Self-Rating An...

The differential diagnosis of Parkinsonism based on clinical features, sometimes may be difficult. Diagnostic tests in these cases might be useful, especially magnetic resonance imaging, a noninvasive exam, not as expensive as positron emission tomography, and provides a good basis for anatomical analysis. The magnetic resonance spectroscopy analyzes cerebral metabolism, yielding inconsistent r...

This study aims to investigate double monotonicity of Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R) psychiatric status rating scales data from 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (APMS) within the framework of Mokken models. Results show that the items of the scale are sufficiently unidimensional in the general population for the CIS-R responses to be scalable according to broad Mokken princi...

BACKGROUND Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric disorder in which impairment of executive functions plays an important role. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to assess the validity of the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) in children with ADHD. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty children, aged 7-12 years, attending the child a...

Fatigue is a common problem in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and many factors are responsible for its etiology. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the current status fatigue evaluate related by using Bristol Multidimensional Questionnaire (BRAF-MDQ) Numerical Rating Scale (BRAF-NRS) developed specifically RA patients with RA. 64 were included study. Disease Activity Score (DAS...

chronic  obstructive  pulmonary  disease (copd)  and  asthma  are  major  public  health problems, which seems to have close association with psychiatric disorders. the present study was conducted to compare the psychological status between asthmatic and copd patients and clarify the relationship with severity of pulmonary obstruction. this cross-sectional study was planned to compare the psych...

PURPOSE To describe change in mental health after treatment with antidepressants and trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy. METHODS Patients receiving treatment at the Psychiatric Trauma Clinic for Refugees in Copenhagen completed self-ratings of level of functioning, quality of life, and symptoms of PTSD, depression and anxiety before and after treatment. Changes in mental state and pr...

OBJECTIVE To study the safety and efficacy of a cholinesterase inhibitor, donepezil hydrochloride, for the treatment of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS This was a randomised double blind, placebo controlled, crossover study in 22 subjects with PD and dementia. Participants were randomised to receive either donepezil followed by identical placebo, or placebo followed by donepezil...