The induction and regulation of broodiness is of the most important role of prolactin in avian species.The promoter region of the prolactin gene is an appropriate model for studying tissue-specific andhormonally-regulated activation of gene transcription. In this study, the association between prolactinpromoter region alleles and egg production in Fars native chickens was investigated. In total...

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BACKGROUND/AIMS Cervical stimulation induces a circadian rhythm of prolactin secretion and antiphase dopamine release. The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) controls this rhythm, and we propose that it does so through clock gene expression within the SCN. METHODS To test this hypothesis, serial blood samples were taken from animals injected with an antisense deoxyoligonucleotide cocktail for cloc...

Hyperprolactinemia results in prostatic hypertrophy and hyperplasia, but it is not known whether prolactin plays an essential role in these processes in the prostate. To address this question, we investigated prostate development, gene expression, and simian virus 40 (SV40)T-induced prostate carcinogenesis in prolactin receptor knockout mice. These animals showed a small increase in dorsolatera...

The present study was planned with the objective to amplify 5’NCR Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and 3’UTR Prolactin receptor (PRLR) genes using caprine specific primers by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in Surti Mehsana goats. IGF1 gene found be monomorphic on restriction digestion HaeIII, which revealed only one genotype GG both allele frequ...

We have detected hormone response elements in the promoter region of the rat beta-casein gene that confer the synergistic action of prolactin and glucocorticoid hormones upon transcription of chimeric gene constructs. A 2800-base-pair (bp) rat beta-casein gene fragment containing 2300 bp of 5' flanking sequence was placed in front of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene and s...

The influence of cortisol and prolactin on casein gene expression in the mammary gland of lactating BALB/c mice was measured by using a specific cDNA probe to 15S casein mRNA (cDNAcsn). Casein mRNA (mRNAcsn) level in the mammary gland was decreased by 85% 5 days after adrenal ablation, but then was increased 4.4-fold 12 hr after a single injection of hydrocortisone-21-acetate. An 80% decrease i...

Prolactin (PRL) is a multifunctional signaling molecule best known for its role in regulating lactation in mammals. Systemic PRL is produced by the anterior pituitary, but extrapituitary PRL has also been detected in many tissues including the human endometrium. Prolactin is essential for pregnancy in rodents and one of the most dramatically induced genes in the endometrium during human pregnan...

Mice carrying a germ-line null mutation of the prolactin receptor gene have been produced by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Heterozygous females showed almost complete failure of lactation attributable to greatly reduced mammary gland development after their first, but not subsequent, pregnancies. Homozygous females were sterile owing to a complete failure of embryonic implantation. Mo...

background patients with intellectual disabilities may be treated with antipsychotic medications for a variety of diagnoses. use of this category of medication can increase prolactin levels and place the patient at risk for sexual dysfunction and lower bone mineral density. the proposed mechanism of action is affinity for the dopamine receptor. use of bromocriptine, a dopamine receptor antagoni...