Abstract Numerous product quality scandals are caused by low-quality inputs. When input is not perfectly observed downstream firms, upstream firms often have moral hazard problems. If vertical integration does directly eliminate the problems, still improve quality? so, under which conditions? We find that given precision of monitoring technology used when level public very high or low, no incen...

User expectations regarding new products and services are evolving rapidly, forcing innovative organizations to explore avenues for innovation, combining services. This paper focuses on the integrative design of product–service systems (PSSs) builds servitization service-based innovation literature. Many tools have been proposed designing integrated PSS, with intent generate economic and/or sus...

Complex systems design and especially automotive design is facing continuous technological evolution that needs stronger integration. In this paper, a method for representing system architecture is presented. This method is based on dependencies and constraints propagation which allows us to focus on the co-evolution of product, organization and processes domains. KEY-WORDS: product architectur...

We consider a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind in L1([a, b],C), with a weakly singular kernel. Sufficient conditions are given for the existence and uniqueness of the solution. We adapt the product integration method proposed in C0([a, b],C) to apply it in L1([a, b],C), and discretize the equation. To improve the accuracy of the approximate solution, we use different iterative refi...

Complex products and large engineering systems require massive efforts to integrate designs at various levels: product and production plans into components, components into sub-systems, sub-systems into systems, and systems into a quality product. We define the product development integration problem as the challenge to coordinate the engineering activities at each level in order to achieve an ...