In the global economy, crude oil is among the most important strategic goods that affects the performance of local and international markets. Prediction of the oil price has always been an important challenging topic in the global economy and producers and consumers have constantly been trying to improve their roll in the oil price changes and for many years OPEC has been one of the key players...

While predators and parasites are known for their effects on bacterial population biology, their impact on the dynamics of bacterial social evolution remains largely unclear. Siderophores are iron-chelating molecules that are key to the survival of certain bacterial species in iron-limited environments, but their production can be subject to cheating by non-producing genotypes. In a selection e...

Rodrik (JIE 1996) argues for the use of government policy in cases where emerging countries are stuck in a low wage equilibrium because of a coordination failure. His coordination failure arises between downstream producers and their upstream intermediate suppliers when the production of high tech final goods requires a special set of differentiated intermediate goods. To qualify, intermediate ...

In this paper we examine the influence that indirect network effects have on a durable goods manufacturer’s distribution strategy to lease or sell her product. Previous research has identified that a durable goods manufacturer can mitigate the potential for its own opportunistic behavior with respect to consumers by leasing instead of selling its product. However, we show that leasing creates a...

The capital goods for collection and transport of waste were quantified for different types of containers (plastic containers, cubes and steel containers) and an 18-tonnes compacting collection truck. The data were collected from producers and vendors of the bins and the truck. The service lifetime and the capacity of the goods were also assessed. Environmental impact assessment of the producti...

This paper explains why some goods are purchased for conspicuous consumption at prices significantly above producers’ marginal costs. Moreover, it also explains the choice of goods that qualify for “conspicuous consumption” status. These results are obtained by modeling conspicuous consumption as a signaling game in which wealthy individuals signal their wealth to society in order to obtain hig...

This paper argues that, unlike the production-based emissions accounting (on which are attributed to producers of goods and services), consumption-based consumers these services) can solve problem historical emissions. concerns question how assign remedial responsibility for that were made by people who now dead. Since embedded in consumed present consumers, since (unlike past producers) do som...

The paper approaches business cycles in terms of extrinsic uncertainty related, not to dynamic indeterminacy of intertemporal equilibria (in the neighborhood of an attractor) or to multiplicity of steady states (in nonlinear models), but to static indeterminacy of free entry oligopolistic equilibria within each period. We consider an OLG economy in which Þrms, supplying differentiated goods wit...