This paper describes the characteristic features of dependency structures of Japanese spoken language by investigating a spoken dialogue corpus, and proposes a stochastic approach to dependency parsing. The method can robustly cope with inversion phenomena and bunsetsus which don’t have the head bunsetsu by relaxing the syntactic dependency constraints. The method acquires in advance the probab...

Social Insurance with Competitive Insurance Markets and Risk Misperception* This paper considers an economy where individuals differ in productivity and in risk. Rochet (1991) has shown that when private insurance markets offer full coverage at fair rates, social insurance is desirable if and only if risk and productivity are negatively correlated. This condition is usually shown to be satisfie...

pedestrian areas are a type of urban public space, nowadays because of the serious consequencesof car-dependency and ignoring pedestrian needs, a consensus on the importance of walking and the necessity forplanning for pedestrians movement has been formed among urban designers, planners and people. the concernsabout human health and movement in city create a new trend in contemporary urbanism, ...

Free-floating car sharing (FFCS) offers greater flexibility than station-based but seems to affect ownership less. This study looks into characteristics of people who changed or did not change over time and how an increase decrease relates FFCS membership, demographic attitudinal factors. The is based on users (n = 776) non-users 720) in Copenhagen surveyed two times within a 2.5-year period. F...

Urbanization and transportation have caused two critical issues in the challenge of sustainable development, particularly, challenges to mobility context car dependency. This is due all aspects environmental, social, economic has been continued influenced by related issues. The suburban areas become aggravating situation massive migrations, thus Pathumthani province, represented as vicinity are...