The deterioration of bond strength between reinforcing steel and concrete as a result of impressed cathodic current with respect to the exposure time was investigated. A current in the magnitude of 3ma/ft2 (based on reinforcing rebar area) was used for a period of five years. Chemical analyses for sodium (Na+), potassium (K+) and chloride (Cl-) ions in concrete cylinders were performed as a fun...

In this paper, the reconstruction mechanism of the boundary layer in the channel is studied using the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). By comparing the distribution of velocity in the channel, the conclusion that LBM has feasibility and superiority is obtained. Based on this, a physical model of square cylinders is set up to simulate the velocity distribution and the effect on the thickness of b...

ABSTRACT This study is concerned with the simulation of viscous flow past three equal diameter circular cylinders in equilateral-triangular arrangement. The hydrodynamic characteristics of cylinders are modelled by a 2Dlattice Boltzmann kernel which is constructed employing Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) interface developed by nVIDIA. Computations using the developed kernel are perf...

(i) A set is a cylinder if and only if it is an ^-cylinder for each n > 1. (ii) The class of all (n+l)-cylinders is a proper subset of the class of all π-cylinders for each n > 1. (iii) For each n > 1, the class of all ^-cylinders contains a simple set and hence a nonsplinter. (iv) For each n > 1, the class of all ^-cylinders contains a nonsimple nonsplinter. (v) A set P is an ^-cylinder (n > 1...

An accurate semi-analytical approach for modeling electromagnetic scattering and guidance by photonic crystals formed by layered parallel-arrays or crossed-arrays of circular cylinders is presented , using the lattice sums technique, the T matrix algorithm, and the generalized reflection and transmission matrices for a layered system. The method is quite general and applies to various configura...

Acoustic band gap (ABG) materials constituted of steel hollow cylinders immersed in water can exhibit a tunable narrow pass band (NPB) located inside their gap. We theoretically investigate, using the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, the properties of waveguides composed of a row of hollow cylinders in a two-dimensional (2D) phononic crystal made of filled steel cylinders. These wav...

Zirconia ceramic is a modern material used for different types of prosthetic constructions, characterized by high mechanical resistance and aesthetics. The main difficulties in treatment are related to ensuring stable durable bond between the dentin. This study examined bonding strength ZirCAD Multi (3rd generation) Prime (5th ceramics when using cements before after sandblasting surface zircon...

the wild pistachio (pistacia atlantica mutika) exists in 2.4 million hectares of iranian forest. in spite of high nutritional and medical value of this fruit, its use and processing are still performed manually. the objectives of this research are to design, to construct and to evaluate the performance of a pistachio hulling machine. the pistachio of kerman province was chosen as the case of st...

The effect of interfacial resistance on the effective conductivity of a multi-phase composite material was studied. The composite under study is composed of a matrix surrounding different types of circular cylinders arranged in rectangular order. It was assumed that the interfacial resistance is concentrated on the surface of the cylinders. For any direction of calculating the effective conduct...

From the geometrical path statistics of rays in an anomalous-diffraction theory (ADT) [Opt. Lett. 28, 179 (2003)] closed-form expressions for the geometrical path distribution of rays and analytical formulas for the optical efficiencies of finite circular cylinders oriented in an arbitrary direction with respect to the incident light are derived. The characteristics of the shapes of the cylinde...