single rooted primary mandibular first molar is a rare developmental anomaly. literatures reveal that failure of invagination of hertwig's epithelial root sheath leads to this unusual root form. thorough knowledge of root canal morphology and anatomical variations of primary teeth can help a pediatric dentist in successful root canal treatment. hereby, we describe two cases of primary mandibula...

abstract background: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is characterized by a developmental disorder involving inappropriate poor attention span or age-inappropriate features of hyperactivity and impulsivity and/or both. methods: in order to assess the prevalence of children with adhd in tehran, a sample of 2667 children including both boys & girls aged between 7-12 years were sele...

despite the fact that hepatic involvement is frequently seen in systemic primary amyloidosis, major hepatic symptoms as primary manifestation and severe impaired liver function are rare. herein, we report a 38-year-old woman with primary hepatic amyloidosis, and severe  portal hypertension . the patient had ascites and markedly elevated alkaline phosphatase level at presentation. she had a rapi...

â  background : primary sclerosing cholangitis (psc) is a chronic cholestatic disease that results in segmental stenosis of the bile ducts, cholestasis and fibrosis. during the previous two decades, patients with steroid responsive psc have been presented in a few case reports and studies. this study aims to evaluate and compare igg4 levels in patients with ulcerative colitis (uc), with and wit...

abstract : a 28-year old patient was referred for endodontic treatment of his left mandibular second molar. the patient had no history of systemic diseases and his chief complaint was spontaneous pain in left posterior region of mandible. clinically, there was a deep caries in the left mandibular second molar. radiographic examination of this tooth revealed a long crown containing large pulp ch...

we present 16 years old girl with primary breast lymphoma involving the both breasts simultaneously and co-incidence of central nervous system (cns) involvement which originated from the breast, in addition to evidence of lymphoma in multi-organ such as skin, mediastinum and some abdominal viscera. bilaterality has been observed in some series, but reports are few and series are often very smal...

background and aims. the majority of failures in class ii amalgam restorations occur in the first primary molar teeth; in addition, use of compomer instead of amalgam for primary molar teeth restorations is a matter of concern. the aim of the present study was to compare the success rate of class ii compomer and amalgam restorations in the first primary molars. materials and methods. a total of...

results the findings showed that the program was used in 380 health houses in 10 cities of iran. the total number of inhabitants covered by the program were 5555258, and 8245 of them were substance abusers. the cases were registered and their data were reported by the managers. the function of health houses, health centers, and district health centers were assessed by considering the number of ...

diffuse large b cell lymphoma is the most common type of non-hodgkin's lymphoma, representing nearly one-third of all cases. any organ can be involved, making a diagnostic biopsy imperative. when the lungs are the involved organs, it is called primary pulmonary lymphoma (ppl). hereby, we present a case of primary pulmonary lymphoma (ppl) that demonstrated a single large mass on chest ct and had...

primary tooth impaction is a rare finding during the development of primary dentition. several factors contribute to the impaction of a deciduous tooth. this report describes the diagnosis and treatment of a 10-year-old boy who presented an impacted second primary mandibular molar. this tooth, located inferior to the second premolar together with an odontoma, was positioned superior to the prem...