EVIDENCE DEFINITIONS  Class I: Prospective randomized controlled trial.  Class II: Prospective clinical study or retrospective analysis of reliable data. Includes observational, cohort, prevalence, or case control studies.  Class III: Retrospective study. Includes database or registry reviews, large series of case reports, expert opinion.  Technology assessment: A technology study which doe...

background ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap) develops in mechanically ventilated patients 48 hours after putting the patients on the ventilator. vap is the second most common nosocomial infection in neonatal intensive care units (nicu). objectives the current study was conducted to determine the rate, microbiological characteristics and outcome of vap in neonates admitted in the nicu of sho...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to determine whether an education initiative could decrease the hospital rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia. DESIGN Pre- and postintervention observational study. SETTING Five intensive care units in Barnes-Jewish Hospital, an urban teaching hospital. PATIENTS Patients requiring mechanical ventilation who developed ventilator-associated pneumoni...

OBJECTIVES The "Pneumonia Zero" project is a nationwide multimodal intervention based on the simultaneous implementation of a comprehensive evidence-based bundle measures to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. DESIGN Prospective, interventional, and multicenter study. SETTING A total of 181 ICUs throughout Spain. PATIENTS All patients ad...

Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial (hospital acquired) infection among patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. It increases mortality rate, duration of mechanical intubated ventilation, and hospitalization in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs). This review study aims to determine the proper gradient of a hospital bed in preventing VAP in patients ho...

Ventilator-associated pneumonia is common, difficult to diagnose, affects the most vulnerable of patients and carries a high mortality. During prolonged mechanical ventilation the oropharynx, sinuses, dentition and stomach of critically ill patients become colonised with pathogenic bacteria. Colonised secretions pool in the oropharynx and subglottic space. These secretions repeatedly gain acces...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium's multidimensional approach on the reduction of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. DESIGN A prospective active surveillance before-after study. The study was divided into two phases. During phase 1, the infection control team at...

We evaluated whether prophylactic nebulised colistin could reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) rates in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting with prevalent multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria.We used a single-centre, two-arm, randomised, open-label, controlled trial in a 12-bed ICU in the University Hospital of Larissa, Greece. Patient inclusion criteria included mechanical ventilation ...