OBJECTIVES This report presents 2009 period infant mortality statistics from the linked birth/infant death data set (linked file) by maternal and infant characteristics. The linked file differs from the mortality file, which is based entirely on death certificate data. METHODS Descriptive tabulations of data are presented and interpreted. RESULTS The infant mortality rate in the United Stat...

Imaging of the preterm infant brain has advanced dramatically beyond the earliest era of transillumination. Computed tomography (CT), a crucial innovation during the early 1970s, allowed noninvasive visualization of intracerebral lesions, particularly hemorrhage. The capability to document brain injury in the preterm infant led to better clarification of links to developmental outcomes. With th...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relation between the neurobehavior of very preterm infants and the level of NICU quality of developmental care. METHODS The neurobehavior of 178 very preterm infants (gestational age ≤29 weeks and/or birth weight ≤1500 g) from 25 NICUs participating in a large multicenter, longitudinal study (Neonatal Adequate Care for Quality of Life, NEO-ACQUA) was examined with a s...

In the United States, an increase in the number of births of extremely preterm infants and in their survival potential has occurred over the last decade. Determining the survival prognosis for the infant of a pregnancy with threatened preterm delivery between 22 and 25 completed weeks of gestation remains problematic. Many physicians and families encounter the difficulty of making decisions reg...

Preterm birth causes 1 million infant deaths worldwide every year, making it the leading cause of infant mortality. Existing diagnostic tests such as transvaginal ultrasound or fetal fibronectin either cannot determine if preterm birth will occur in the future or can only predict the occurrence once cervical shortening has begun, at which point it is too late to reverse the accelerated parturit...

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) affects over 15,000 infant births per year in the United States and is one of major causes mortality preterm infants. BPD most common long-term adverse effects from premature birth. Unlike ..

OBJECTIVE Our study seeks to elucidate risk factors for and mortality consequences of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and preterm birth in rural Nepal. In contrast with previous literature, we distinguish the epidemiology of SGA and preterm birth from each other. METHODS We analyzed data from a maternal micronutrient supplementation trial in rural Nepal (n = 4130). We estimated adjusted risk ...

BACKGROUND The initial acquisition and early development of the intestinal microbiome during infancy are important to human health across the lifespan. Mode of birth, antibiotic administration, environment of care, and nutrition have all been shown to play a role in the assembly of the intestinal microbiome during early life. For preterm infants, who are disproportionately at risk of inflammato...

................................................................................................................... 8 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 9 Review of the literature ............................................................................................. 10 1. Normal lung development .......

BACKGROUND Infant mortality rates (IMRs) are disproportionally high in the U.S. South; however, the proximate contributors that could inform regional action remain unclear. PURPOSE To quantify the components of excess infant mortality in the U.S. South by maternal race/ethnicity, underlying cause of death, and gestational age. METHODS U.S. Period Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Files 2007-20...