BACKGROUND Bacterial resistance due to antibiotic misuse is reported every day. Such threat calls for a consensus to develop new strategies to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance of bacteria. Medical doctors must play a pivotal role to control and prevent the misuse of antibiotics. There were complaints that prescribers are lacking behind in updates and advancement in the field. To...

• Geometry and surface flux distributions affect reliability of semi-infinite models. Improved deduction is demonstrated using heat kernel methods. Utility the new approach illustrated transient temperature data. Surface transfer in convective radiative environments sometimes measured by recording history a experiment interpreting this with aid suitable model for conduction within substrate. Th...

The quality of antimicrobial prescribing refers to the optimal way to use antibiotics in regard to their benefits, safety (e.g., resistance generation and toxicity) and cost. Evaluating the quality of antimicrobial prescribing in a way that focuses not only on reducing antimicrobial consumption but also on using them in a more optimal way allows us to understand patterns of use and to identify ...

Traditionally in UK medical schools, teaching of therapeutics and prescribing has been weak. Almost 40% UK medical schools do not teach therapeutics at all. Of the others, the majority do not teach therapeutics per se, but have a “vertical strand” running through the clinical course. The EQUIP survey carried out in 19 UK hospitals on behalf of the GMC (and which, inexplicably, remains unpublish...

Oxygen is a commonly used drug in the clinical setting and like other drugs its use must be considered carefully. This is particularly true for those patients who are at risk of type II respiratory failure in whom the risk of hypercapnia is well established. In recent times, several international bodies have advocated for the prescription of oxygen therapy in an attempt to reduce this risk in v...

How droplet microfluidics can be used to fabricate solid-shelled microcapsules having precisely controlled release behavior is described. Glass capillary devices enable the production of monodisperse double emulsion drops, which can then be used as templates for microcapsule formation. The exquisite control afforded by microfluidics can be used to tune the compositions and geometrical character...

It is long known that the Fokker-Planck equation with prescribed constant coefficients of diffusion and linear friction describes the ensemble average of the stochastic evolutions in velocity space of a Brownian test particle immersed in a heat bath of fixed temperature. Apparently, it is not so well known that the same partial differential equation, but now with constant coefficients which are...

This investigation deals with the three-dimensional boundary layer flow in a porous medium. The flow is induced by an exponentially stretching surface. Analysis is presented in the presence of heat transfer. Two cases, namely prescribed surface temperature (PST) and prescribed surface heat flux (PHF), are considered. Effects of thermal radiation are also present. The nonlinear partial different...