The up-regulator regulation and down-regulator regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in central precocious puberty is not yet known. However, recent advances in neuroendocrinology have shown the controlling role of arginine-phenylalanine (RF)-amide-related peptides (RFRPs) on GnRH secretion in different phenomenon of reproduction such as estrus cycle and pregnancy, but the exact r...

Aims Precocious puberty is defined as the precocious onset of pubertal manifestations. The cause of precocious puberty is unknown despite numerous attempts to find it. Despite most precocious puberty is sporadic disease, some patients have familial tendency. Recently specific gene mutation has proven to cause precocious puberty and the existence of familial precocious puberty is emerging. This ...

Disorders of androgen excess may coexist with disorders of androgen deficiency, such as Klinefelter syndrome, and can create diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

Premature adrenarche (PA) is defined as adrenarcheal levels of adrenal androgens before the age of 8 yrs in girls and the age of 9 yrs in boys leading to androgenic signs ranging from pubarche to oily skin and adult type body odor. PA has been connected with adverse metabolic features and increased risk for ovarian hyperandrogenism. The pathogenesis of PA is considered polygenic. However, under...

Background: Epidemiological studies reporting the effect of small fetuses (SF) on puberty development have shown inconsistent results. Objective: To examine current study evidence and determine the strength and direction of the association between SF and puberty timing. Methods: PubMed, OVID, Web of Science, EBSCO, and four Chinese databases were searched from their date of inception to Februar...

Abstract Introduction/Background Internationally adopted (IA) children may commonly experience post-adoption medical issues in the infectious, nutritional, developmental and psychological domains. We present a rare endocrinologic case of 2 biologically unrelated into same Canadian family with diagnoses idiopathic central precocious puberty (CPP), years after adoption. Case Description A 13-mont...

  A 29- year old female with bone pain and history of precocious puberty was referred for bone scintigraphy. On physical examination café au lait macular spots were noted on her neck, buttocks and left leg. Bone scan showed multiple areas of intense increased activity which was in favour of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia. Considering the presence of polyostotic fibrous...

CONTEXT Elite gymnasts are subjected to intense training, which may alter pubertal development. OBJECTIVE The objective of the investigation was to study the impact of gymnastics on pubertal development in rhythmic (RGs) and artistic gymnasts (AGs). DESIGN Evaluation of somatometric parameters, pubertal stage, and intensity of training in the competition field were studied. SETTING The st...

Precocious inventors have a higher inventive productivity during their remaining career. Inventors who first patent either applied for extraordinarily fast or of especially high quality are regarded as precocious. This paper systematically includes individual and employer characteristics that can drive career beside an early patenting success to reveal the true effect precociousness. We show re...