The role of peroxisome proliferator--activated receptor- δ (PPAR δ) gene in colon carcinogenesis remains highly controversial. Here, we established nude mice xenograft model using a human colon cancer cell line KM12C either with PPAR δ silenced or normal. The xenografts in PPAR δ-silenced group grew significantly larger and heavier with less differentiation, promoted cell proliferation, increas...

Cerebellar abnormalities in fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) have been linked to brain insulin resistance and oxidative stress. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists, which have insulin sensitizer and antioxidant effects, could potentially be used to treat neurodevelopmental abnormalities in FASD. Slice cultures generated with cerebella from control or ethanol-exposed...

Therapeutic use of certain peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha agonists (fibrates) for the treatment of dyslipidemia has infrequently been associated with the untoward side effect of myopathy. With interest in PPAR-delta as a therapeutic target, this study assessed whether a PPAR-delta agonist induced similar hepatic and skeletal muscle alterations as noted with some fibrate...

Background—Steady laminar flow is atheroprotective, in part because of its antiinflammatory effects on vascular endothelial cells (ECs). We studied the activation of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor(PPAR ) in ECs in response to laminar flow and the associated antiinflammatory effect. Methods and Results—Using flow channel with cultured ECs, we found that laminar flow activated the PPA...

Objectives—Statins and fibrates are hypolipidemic drugs which decrease cardiac events in individuals without raised levels of cholesterol. These drugs inhibit platelet function, but the mechanisms by which this pleiotropic effect is exerted are not known. Methods and Results—We used a range of approaches to show statins inhibit human platelet activation in vitro while engaging PPAR and PPAR . T...

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)agonists are insulin sensitizers, whereas PPAR agonists are lipid-lowering agents in humans. Chronic treatment with PPAR agonists has been shown to prevent the onset of diabetes in young Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats; however, the effects of PPAR agonists have not been well characterized in this model. Here we investigated chronic efficacy of ...

Activation of the nuclear transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ; (PPAR;) inhibits growth and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. To further investigate the function of PPAR; in HCC, PPAR; expression patterns in primary tumors were examined, and the responses of two HCC cell lines to PPAR; activation and inhibition were compared. PPAR; expression was...

PPAR-α, PPAR-β, and PPAR-γ, and RXR in conjunction with PGC-1α and SIRT1, activate oxidative metabolism genes determining insulin sensitivity. In utero, hypoxia is commonly observed in Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), and reduced insulin sensitivity is often observed in these infants as adults. We sought to investigate how changes in oxygen tension might directly impact muscle PPAR regul...

BACKGROUND Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-(gamma) (PPAR(gamma)) is expressed in human platelets although in the absence of genomic regulation in these cells, its functions are unclear. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we aimed to demonstrate the ability of PPAR(gamma) ligands to modulate collagen-stimulated platelet function and suppress activation of the glycoprotein VI (GPVI) sig...

background: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (pparγ), a member of nuclear receptor superfamily, comprises two isoforms in mouse. these two isoforms are encoded by different mrnas, which are arisen by alternative promoter usage. there are two promoter regions upstream of pparγ gene. a 3 kb fragment, containing several transcription factor binding sites, acts as pparγ1 promoter re...