DNA is the molecule that stores chemical instructions necessary for life and its stability therefore of utmost importance. Despite this, damaged by both exogenous endogenous factors at an alarming frequency. The most severe type damage a double-strand break (DSB), in which scission occurs strands double helix, effectively dividing single normal chromosome into two pathological chromosomes. Homo...

Post-translational protein modification, including phosphorylation, is generally quick and reversible, facilitating rapid biologic adjustments to altered cellular physiologic demands. In addition to protein phosphorylation, other post-translational modifications have been identified. Intracellular protein O-glycosylation, the addition of the simple sugar O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) ...

Post-translational modifications, such as acetylation and ubiquitination, can greatly expand the functionality of a particular protein. The promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein is a functionally promiscuous protein with proposed roles in many cellular processes. Its cellular headquarters are the macromolecular structures termed PML nuclear bodies. Post-translational modification of PML is emerg...

Our understanding of the importance of lysine post-translational modifications in mediating protein function has led to a significant improvement in the experimental tools aimed at characterizing their existence. Nevertheless, it remains likely that at present we have only experimentally detected a small fraction of all lysine modification sites across the commonly studied proteomes. As a resul...

Sodium and potassium-exchanging adenosine triphosphatase (Na,K-ATPase) in the kidney is associated with the subunit ( , FXYD2), a single-span membrane protein that modulates ATPase properties. Rat and human occur in two splice variants, a and b, with different N termini. Here we investigated their structural heterogeneity and functional effects on Na,K-ATPase properties. Both forms were post-tr...