Circadian clocks are internal molecular time-keeping mechanisms that enable organisms to adjust their physiology and behavior to the daily surroundings. Misalignment of circadian clocks leads to both physiological and health impairment. Post-transcriptional regulation and translational regulation of circadian clocks have been extensively investigated. In addition, accumulating evidence has shed...

Recent advances in our understanding of plant metabolism have highlighted the significance specialized metabolites regulation gene expression associated with biosynthetic networks. This opinion article focuses on molecular mechanisms small-molecule-mediated feedback at transcriptional level and its potential modes action, including metabolite signal perception, nature sensor, signaling transduc...

Mammalian spermatogenesis consists of many cell types and biological processes and serves as an excellent model for studying gene regulation at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Many key proteins, miRNAs, and perhaps piRNAs have been shown to be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of spermatogenesis. However, a systematic method for assessing the relationship between prot...

Pseudomonas species have evolved dynamic and intricate regulatory networks to fine-tune gene expression, with complex regulation occurring at every stage in the processing of genetic information. This approach enables Pseudomonas to generate precise individual responses to the environment in order to improve their fitness and resource economy. The weak correlations we observe between RNA and pr...

Papillomavirus genomes are transcribed as one large complex transcription unit with multiple promoters, two poly(A) sites (early and late), and considerable alternative splicing. As a result, there are multiple opportunities for post-transcriptional regulation of papillomavirus gene expression. Although this area has not been as extensively studied as transcriptional regulation, there are a few...

Post-transcriptional mechanisms play a critical role in regulating the expression of numerous proteins that promote inflammatory arthritis. The mRNAs encoding a subset of these proteins possess adenine/uridine-rich elements (AREs) in their 3'-untranslated regions that profoundly influence the rate at which mRNA is degraded and translated into protein. Tristetraprolin (TTP) and T cell intracellu...