This paper presents a comparison of cluster-based position and non position-based routing protocols for mobile wireless sensor networks to outline design considerations of protocols for mobile environments. The selected protocols are compared on the basis of multiple parameters, which include packet delivery ratio, packet loss, network lifetime, and control overhead using variable number of nod...

This paper presents a novel reactive location routing algorithm based on cluster-based flooding for use in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET). We compare position-based and non-positionbased routing strategies in two typical traffic scenarios: urban and motorway. The mobility of vehicles using a microscopic traffic model developed in OPNET is used to evaluate the performance of the reactive Loca...

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have attracted much attention in recent years for its unique characteristics and wide use in many different applications. Routing protocol is one of key technologies in WSN. In this paper, the position-based routing protocols are surveyed and classified into four categories: flooding-based, curve-based, grid-based and ant algorithm-based intelligent. To each categ...

Geonetworking and the corresponding routing protocols play an important role in application of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). This paper presents the architecture and implementation of CLWPR (Cross-Layer, Weighted, Position-based Routing), a position-based routing protocol optimized for VANETs in NS-3 simulation environment. It utilizes mobility information from nodes and cross-layer infor...

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) have been gaining significant attention from the research community due to their increasing importance for building an intelligent transportation system. The characteristics of VANETs, such as high mobility, network partitioning, intermittent connectivity and obstacles in city environments, make routing a challenging task. Due to these characteristics of VANET...

This paper examine that the geographic routing protocols are used in the mobile ad hoc networks. In routing protocols defines that each node identify the position of one hop neighbours, and also the packets are forwarded to a neighbours that is closer to the destination. This forwarding strategy should prevent radio communications between node. However, inexpensive position devices do not provi...

LEACH is a traditional clustering routing protocol in wireless sensor network. When selecting the cluster head, Leach does not consider sensor nodes’ energy and position information. It leads to uneven the distribution of cluster heads and uneven energy consumption of sensor nodes. Clustering routing protocols which are based on particle swarm optimization have been proposed to improve the perf...

This papers presents new Global Positioning System (GPS)based route discovery algorithms for on-demand routing in MANETs, called Position-based Selective Flooding (PSF). We applied our route discovery algorithm to our previous routing protocol, which is called Location-based Point-to-point Adaptive routing (LPAR) protocol and investigated its performance by simulation. Simulation results show t...

A Mobile Ad hoc network (MANET) is a dynamic selforganizing multi-hop wireless network. Owing the random and unpredictable movement of the mobile nodes, the topology is changing rapidly and frequently. In MANET, where is no routing infrastructure like fixed routers and routing backbones, all MNs participate in the routing process. Recently, position-aware routing protocols, and because of their...

For the emerging wireless mesh networks with multiple radios and directional antennas, this paper first proposes a position-based deployment and routing strategy, and then gives a concrete approach under this strategy. The main idea of this strategy is to deploy the network in certain kind of geometric graph and then design a position-based routing protocol accordingly, so as to achieve efficie...