In the two preceding papers, evidence has been presented for the enzymatic synthesis of polyglycerophosphate (1) and polyribitol phosphate (2) from cytidine diphosphate glycerol and cytidine diphosphate ribitol, respectively. In this paper, we describe the glycosyl transfer from uridine diphosphate glucose to polyglycerophosphate by an enzyme from Bacillus subtilis. Teichoic acids differ in the...

Transfer of the phosphate group of 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol 1-phosphate (CA1P) to 14C-labelled 2-carboxy-D-arabinitol (CA) was catalysed by extracts from leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris. This phosphotransferase activity co-purified with CA1P phosphatase, described previously. This activity was increased, up to 16-fold, by addition of bicarbonate ions at pH 9-10, suggesting rate enhancement by enzyme...

These studies were performed to assess the utility of the baboon as a nonhuman primate model to evaluate vaccines for use in humans. Specifically, we examined the antibody response of baboons immunized during the third trimester of pregnancy with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP) conjugate and unconjugated polysaccharide vaccines. Some of the vaccinated moth...

The antigenically related coaggregation receptor polysaccharides (RPS) of Streptococcus oralis strains C104 and SK144 mediate recognition of these bacteria by other members of the dental plaque biofilm community. In the present study, the structure of strain SK144 RPS was established by high resolution NMR spectroscopy as [6Galfbeta1-6GalNAcbeta1-3Galalpha1-2ribitol-5-PO(4)(-)-6Galfbeta1-3Galbe...

We investigated the biochemical and immunological characteristics of teichoic acid preparations (TAP) obtained from four unencapsulated strains of Staphylococcus aureus which nonetheless, according to the serum-soft agar technique, produced capsular type antigen and were representative of the four types A, B, C, and D. In the agar diffusion test, TAP of each strain produced a single precipitin ...

Ribitol+ strains of Escherichia coli acquire the ability to utilize xylitol by mutating to constitutive production of the coordinately controlled ribitol catabolic enzymes ribitol dehydrogenase (RDH) and D-ribulokinase (DRK). Such strains concomitantly acquire toxicity to galacitol and L-arabitol, and to D-arabitol if they are unable to utilize it for growth. Strains selected for resistance to ...

Macrophages play an important role in regulating inflammatory responses and tissue regeneration. In the present study, their effect on bone remodeling is investigated by the simultaneous application of a macrophage recruiting agent, SEW2871 of a sphingosine-1 phosphate agonist, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP). The non-water soluble SEW2871 was solubilized in water through micelles formation with...