Tumor cells resistant to anoikis are considered to be candidates for metastasis. In the present study, the role of Tim‑3 in anoikis and its influence on the invasion of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) was investigated. Here, polyhydroxylethylmethacrylate (poly‑HEMA) was applied to two ccRCC cell lines, 786‑O and Caki‑2, to induce detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM). Tim‑3 mRN...

Understanding how surface physicochemical properties influence the settlement and adhesion of marine fouling organisms is important for the development of effective and environmentally benign marine antifouling coatings. We demonstrate that the thickness of random poly(HEMA-co-PEG10MA) copolymer brushes affect antifouling behavior. Films of thicknesses ranging from 50 to 1000 Å were prepared vi...

Using magnetic particles as a solid-phase extraction system is the most frequently used micro-technique for DNA isolation. Particles with a complete covering of magnetic cores by a polymer are hence preferred. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used for the evaluation of the polymer coating efficiency of hydrophilic magnetic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacryla...

In this paper and video, we describe the protocols used in our laboratory to study the targeting preferences of regenerating cell processes of adult retinal neurons in vitro. Procedures for preparing retinal cell cultures start with the dissection, digestion and trituration of the retina, and end with the plating of isolated retinal cells on dishes made especially for use with laser tweezers. T...

Removal thermodynamics and desorption studies of some heavy metal ions such as Co(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) by polymeric surfaces such as poly 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (PHEMA) and copolymer 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate with monomer methyl methacrylate P(MMA-HEMA) as adsorbent surfaces from aqueous single solution were investigated with respect to the changes in pH of solution, adsorbent composit...

The effect of various dimethacrylates on the structure and properties of homo- and copolymer networks was studied. The 2,2-bis-[4-(2-hydroxy-3- methacryloyloxypropoxy)phenyl]-propane) (Bis-GMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) and 1,6-bis-(methacryloyloxy-2-ethoxycarbonylamino)-2,4,4-trimethylhexane (HEMA/TMDI), all popular in dentistry, as well as five urethane-dimethacrylate (UDMA)...

We explored the potentials of microarray printing using quill-like microcantilevers onto solid supports that are typically used in microspot printing, including paper, polymeric nitrocellulose and nylon membranes. We compared these membranes with a novel porous poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) support (HEMA) with narrow pore size distribution in the 150 nm range, whi...

In many bacteria, including the enteric species Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli, heme is synthesized starting from glutamate by a pathway in which the first committed step is catalyzed by the hemA gene product, glutamyl-tRNA reductase (HemA). We have demonstrated previously that when heme limitation is imposed on cultures of S. typhimurium, HemA enzyme activity is increased 10- to 2...

In this work, a high solids acrylic copolymer polyol (poly(MMA/BA/HEMA/AA)) was synthesized from the polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), hydroxyethyl (HEMA) and acid (AA) added to polyaspartic resin. The polyaspartic-polyol mixtures reacted with polyisocyanates create hybrid polyurethane-polyaspartic coatings. Different amounts (5, 10, 20% total resin mixture) were...