This paper gives a new integrable hierarchy of nonlinear evolution equations. The DP equation: mt + umx + 3mux = 0, m = u − uxx, proposed recently by Desgaperis and Procesi [7], is the first one in the negative hierarchy while the first one in the positive hierarchy is: mt = 4(m − 2 3 )x − 5(m − 2 3 )xxx + (m 2 3 )xxxxx. The whole hierarchy is shown Lax-integrable through solving a key matrix e...

Phophodiesterase (PDE) isoenzyme profiles of human cell preparations and tissues have been analysed by a semiquantitative method using selective PDE inhibitors and activators. Neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes contain PDE IV exclusively. Lymphocytes, alveolar macrophages and endothelial cells contain PDE IV and PDE III, and in addition, PDE I is measured in macrophages and PDE II in endoth...

It is well known that the validity of the so called LenardMagri scheme of integrability of a bi-Hamiltonian PDE can be established if one has some precise information on the corresponding 1st variational Poisson cohomology for one of the two Hamiltonian operators. In the first part of the paper we explain how to introduce various cohomology complexes, including Lie superalgebra and Poisson coho...

A spectral method for solving linear partial differential equations (PDEs) with variable coefficients and general boundary conditions defined on rectangular domains is described, based on separable representations of partial differential operators and the one-dimensional ultraspherical spectral method. If a partial differential operator is of splitting rank 2, such as the operator associated wi...

In rod outer segments the light activation of cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE alpha beta gamma 2) is accomplished by removal of the gamma inhibitory subunit (PDE gamma) from the PDE alpha beta catalytic subunits. A light activation of the inositol signaling pathway also occurs, but there is little information linking these two signal transduction pathways. Here we report that protein kinase C (PKC)...

Four cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities were separated from low-speed supernatants of homogenates of human cardiac ventricle by DEAE-Sepharose chromatography, and designated PDE I-PDE IV in order of elution with an increasing salt gradient. PDE I was a Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated activity, and PDE II was an activity with a high Km for cyclic AMP which was stimulated by low conc...

We discuss a number of inverse identification problems that arise in medical engineering or in neurosciences for functional or clinical brain analysis purposes, like source recovery or conductivity estimation from boundary data, for electroand magneto-encephalography (EEG/MEG), or in electrical impedance tomograpahy (EIT). Maxwell’s equations under physical assumptions are to the effect that th...

In Computational Science and in particular in the numerical simulation of PDE problems, optimal serial performance is essential for a successful scale-out to the teraand petascale dimensions. In this paper, we propose a simple yet fundamental benchmark setting for a PDE problem that we believe any reasonably flexible Finite Element based software should be able to handle effortlessly. The Poiss...

1 The aims of the present study were to characterize the cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoenzyme activities present in human bronchi and to examine the ability of selective isoenzyme inhibitors to relax histamine and methacholine precontracted preparations of human bronchi. 2 Three separations of pooled human bronchial tissue samples were performed. Ion-exchange chromatography showe...

The effect of selective PDE-I (vinpocetine), PDE-III (milrinone, CI-930), PDE-IV (rolipram, nitroquazone), and PDE-V (zaprinast) isozyme inhibitors on TNF-alpha and IL-1beta production from LPS stimulated human monocytes was investigated. The PDE-IV inhibitors caused a concentration dependent inhibition of TNF-alpha production, but only partially inhibited IL-1beta at high concentrations. High ...