Tuberculous pleural effusion is a common manifestation of the primary form of the disease or consequence of the reactivation of a latent infection due to the M. tuberculosis. Advances in the laboratory methods have contributed to better diagnose and understand the pathophysiology of the effusion secondary to tuberculosis. However, although a predominant lymphocytic pleural effusion is suspiciou...

This was a descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), Nairobi, among consecutively admitted adult patients with exudative pleural effusions over a one year period. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in these patients and to compare the diagnostic yields from the pleural fluid and pleural bi...

Adenosine deaminase (ADA) can aid in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusions, but false-positive findings from lymphocytic effusions have been reported. The purpose of this study is to assess the ADA levels in nontuberculous lymphocytic pleural effusions (lymphocyte count > 50%) of different aetiologies. Altogether, 410 nontuberculous lymphocytic pleural fluid samples were consecutively ...

Sir, Notwithstanding the implication that a high clinical suspicion of tuberculosis should be a precondition for 'a request for acid fast bacilli and tuberculosis culture' in suspected (but not confirmed) malignant pleural effusion, 1 stigmata documented in malignant pleural effusion, such as the involvement of the entire hemithorax, 1 bilateral effusions, 2 lymphocyte predominance, 1,2 haemoth...

The most common causes for undiagnosed transudative effusions are congestive heart failure and hepatic hydrothorax. Pleural fluid N terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels higher than 1500 pg/mL are virtually diagnostic of congestive heart failure. The most common causes for undiagnosed exudative pleural effusions are malignancy, pulmonary embolism, and tuberculosis. Clinical characterist...

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a contagious bacterial infection which is the highly endemic disease in India that involves the lungs. It spreads to other organs. PTB is caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis[1]. Tuberculosis is second only to HIV/AIDS as the greatest killer worldwide due to a single infectious agent. Rapid diagnosis and prompt treatment is required to reverse the mo...

There have been no systematic studies of diseases causing pleural effusion in Qatar. This prospective, hospital-based study involved all adult patients (> 15 years) with pleural effusions who were admitted to referral hospitals over a 1-year period. A total of 200 cases of pleural effusion were identified (152 males and 48 females); mean age 45.1 (SD 18.5) years. A majority of patients (73.5%) ...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Tuberculosis and cancer are the main causes of pleural effusion. Pleural involvement is associated with migration of immune cells to the pleural cavity. We sought to characterize the immunophenotype of leukocytes in the pleural effusion and peripheral blood of patients with tuberculosis or malignancy. METHODS Thirty patients with tuberculosis (14) or malignancy (16...

Background: Pleural effusion is an excess fluid that accumulates between two pleural layers. analysis and cytology are the mainstays for diagnosing various pulmonary diseases. Levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) particularly useful in areas where prevalence tuberculosis high. Objectives: To find clinical profile etiology respect age sex level different causes effusion. Materials Methods: This w...