There are different methods for setting the inlet boundary condition (IBC) in large eddy simulation (LES). However, applied same result results. In this study, influence of IBC LES with Lund method, divergence-free synthetic eddies method (DFSEM), and digital filter (DFM) on layer over a flat plate was investigated. For DFM DFSEM, input parameters such as turbulent length scales constant values...

Introduction: The incidence of breast cancer increases with the rate of 1-2% at the world. Radiation therapy is one of the available choices for breast cancer treatment. The single isocentre half-beam block technique is considered as a standard technique to avoid hot and cold spots within the PTV. The major advantage of half beam technique is that the both contralateral breast...

We examined a free-living Symbiodinium species by light and electron microscopy and nuclear-encoded partial LSU rDNA sequence data. The strain was isolated from a net plankton sample collected in near-shore waters at Tenerife, the Canary Islands. Comparing the thecal plate tabulation of the free-living Symbiodinium to that of S. microadriaticum Freud., it became clear that a few but significant...

We propose a novel form of x-ray projection lithography that: ~1! requires no mask, and hence can be considered an x-ray pattern generator; ~2! is, in principle, capable of reaching the limits of the lithographic process. The new scheme utilizes an array of Fresnel zone plates, and matrix-addressed micromechanical shutters to turn individual x-ray beamlets on or off in response to commands from...

Earth's tectonic plates are generally considered to be driven largely by negative buoyancy associated with subduction of oceanic lithosphere. In this context, mid-ocean ridges (MORs) are passive plate boundaries whose divergence accommodates flow driven by subduction of oceanic slabs at trenches. We show that over the past 80 million years (My), the East Pacific Rise (EPR), Earth's dominant MOR...

In this paper, we introduce a goodness of fit test for expo- nentiality based on Lin-Wong divergence measure. In order to estimate the divergence, we use a method similar to Vasicek’s method for estimat- ing the Shannon entropy. The critical values and the powers of the test are computed by Monte Carlo simulation. It is shown that the proposed test are competitive with other tests of exponentia...

compressible gas flow inside a convergent-divergent nozzle and its exhaust plume atdifferent nozzle pressure ratios (npr) have been numerically studied with severalturbulence models. the numerical results reveal that, the sst k–ω model give the bestresults compared with other models in time and accuracy. the effect of changes in value ofdivergence half-angle (ε ) on the nozzle performance, thru...

This research aims to investigate the effect of conservative reporting on the investors' opinion divergence at the time of earnings announcement in a 5 year period during 2012-2016; the required data have been collected from Tehran Securities and Stock Exchange Organization and the population is consisted of 585 corporates-years which have been selected by the systematic removal sampling. To in...

geometrically nonlinear governing equations for a plate with linear viscoelastic material are derived. the material model is of boltzmann superposi¬tion principle type. a third-order displacement field is used to model the shear deformation effects. for the solution of the nonlinear governing equations the dynamic relaxation (dr) iterative method together with the finite difference discretizati...