Although mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) protein has emerged as a specific and crucial protein for necroptosis induction, how MLKL transduces the death signal remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the full four-helical bundle domain (4HBD) in the N-terminal region of MLKL is required and sufficient to induce its oligomerization and trigger cell death. Moreover, we found t...

The hydrophobic proteins of plant plasma membrane still remain largely unknown.  For example in the Arabidopsis genome, receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are plasma membrane proteins, functioning as the primary receptors in the signaling of stress conditions, hormones and the presence of pathogens form a diverse family of over 610 genes. A limited number of these proteins have appeard in pr...

A break in the integrity of the plasma membrane immediately compromises this structure’s essential role as a barrier, and this can kill the affected cell. Yet animal cell plasma membranes, unprotected by a cell wall, are highly vulnerable to mechanically induced disruption. Moreover, many tissue environments generate and receive “physiological” levels of mechanical force that impose shear, tens...

Background: Osteopontin plays a crucial role in fertilization and subsequent embryonic development. Methods: The fresh semen samples were collected from crossbred Jersey Haryana breeding bulls. proteins the seminal plasma sperm membrane precipitated analysed by SDS-PAGE followed western blotting. Based on concentration of osteopontin plasma, bulls grouped as high (≥20 pg/ml), medium (10-20 pg/m...

introduction: varicocele is considered as a common cause of male infertility. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of varicocelectomy on sperm parameters, sperm membrane integrity and sperm nuclear maturity. materials and methods: in this study along with routine semen analysis, hypo-osmotic swelling test (host), and aniline blue staining for assessment of as 45 and 90 days after i...

Several laboratory methods to evaluate ram sperm quality have been developed. The combination of different fluorescent probes is suitable to simultaneously evaluate different sperm characteristics but the need for a fluorescent microscope restricts its use. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of Hypoosmotic Trypan Blue Giemsa (HTBG) staining to simultaneously detect sperm ...

UNLABELLED Two different analytical methods were evaluated for their capacity to provide quantitative information on onion cell membrane permeability and integrity after high pressure and thermal processing and to study the impact of these processing treatments on cell compartmentalization and texture quality. To determine changes in cell membrane permeability and/or integrity the methodologies...

It has been reported that diverse treatments which depolarize the plasma membrane of Neurospora crassa produce rapid increases in cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) levels. In the current study, membrane active antibiotics, which are known or putative depolarizing agents, were found to produce similar cyclic AMP increases, not only in N. crassa, but also in the distantly related ...