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Neutral atoms play important roles in non-fully-ionized plasmas. In helicon sources, neutral pumping and neutral damping of waves are poorly understood. Measurement of the spatial distribution of neutral atoms is possible with spectroscopic diagnostics such as laser-induced fluorescence LIF and passive emission spectroscopy. However, these measurements typically apply to an excited neutral atom...

A quantitative analysis of trace lead in tin-base lead-free solder was carried out with laser-induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS). In order to evaluate the applicability of the technique for rapid in situ analytical purposes, measurements were performed in air at atmospheric pressure, and the emission characteristics of the plasma produced by a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser over a laser energy range o...

We have characterized the plasma produced by a picosecond laser pulse using x-ray spectroscopy. High-resolution high-sensitivity spectra of K -shell emission from a Ti plasma have been obtained, showing a strong contribution from multiply ionized ions. Hydrodynamic and collisional-radiative codes are used to extract the plasma temperature and density from these measurements. We show that our me...

This study uses the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) technique to find lead(Pb) and sulfur (S) plasma parameters employing a pulse of Nd: YAG laser (Q-switched 1064nm wavelength) different energies (400,500,600 700 mJ). The electron temperature Te (eV) is calculated using Boltzmann-Plot method, density ne (cm-3)is determined by Stark broadened way. Moreover, Debye length ?D (cm) frequency ?p...

A non-thermal plasma, air purification device (PlasmaShield®, MD250, Keswick, SA, Australia), was investigated using spatially resolved optical emission spectroscopy. The spectra were measured with two spatial dimensions to analyze and identify the transition lines of excited NO–? (A2?–X2?), N2 (C3?–B3?), N2+ (B2?–X2?) systems. band at 337 316 nm used determine vibrational temperature molecules...

Wave plasma sources (WPSs) were first proposed in the 1970s for electric propulsion (EP), and these research development processes culminated flight test 2021 of WPS-based thruster REGULUS. Recently, new approaches to WPS use have emerged—multiple schemes EPs that can generate propelling forces multiple directions within a single head, regarded as breakthrough technology in-space systems (PSs)....