The design of facility layouts involves a decision process which, in general, due to its complexity, has to be decomposed into several sub-problems, namely: the selection of the most adequate manufacturing processes, the planning of equipment and labour requirements, the allocation of manufacturing operations to machines, the grouping of machines into sections (cells or departments), the select...

I sought to evolve plant species richness patterns on 22 Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, as an exploration of the utility of evolutionary computation and an agent-based approach in biogeography research. The simulation was spatially explicit, where agents were plant monocultures defined by three niche dimensions, lava (yes or no), elevation, and slope. Niches were represented as standard normal cur...

The supply chain management (SCM) consists of the integration of the business logistics management processes involving not only units within an enterprise but also across units belonging to both upstream and downstream partners, such as suppliers, customers, and logistics service providers. According to the council of logistics management (CLM, 1999), the set of activities to be managed include...