In natural world, lignin is unique and the most abundant renewable carbon source after cellulose, therefore, more applications of adding commercial value of lignin are needed. Polylactic acid (PLA), which has the second highest consumption of bioplastic in the world, is a biodegradable composite with widely application in industry. A filler adding into PLA can decrease the cost of the composite...

BACKGROUND Compare the efficacy and safety of Plasma-Lyte A (PLA) versus 0.9 % sodium chloride (NaCl) intravenous (IV) fluid replacement in children with moderate to severe dehydration secondary to acute gastroenteritis (AGE). METHODS Prospective, randomized, double-blind study conducted at eight pediatric emergency departments (EDs) in the US and Canada (NCT#01234883). The primary outcome me...

Present study shows that non-covalent interaction of kaouthiotoxin (KTX) with their respective pohospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) from the venom of N. kaouthia displayed marked synergism to exert cytotoxicity without altering the biochemical properties of PLA(2). For example, although NK-PLA(2) or KTX alone did not induce appreciable hemolysis of washed human erythrocytes; however, the hemolytic pote...

BACKGROUND Phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) is involved in regulating biosynthesis of arachidonic acid and its metabolites. There are three major structurally different forms of PLA(2): group I, also called pancreatic PLA(2) (PLA(2)-I); group II, referred to as secretory non-pancreatic or synovial or platelet PLA(2) (PLA(2)-II); group IV, referred to as cytosolic PLA(2) (PLA(2)-IV). AIMS To examin...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to develop an active targeting strategy to improve the therapeutic antitumor efficacy of oridonin (ORI), the main active ingredient in the medicinal herb Rabdosia rubescens. METHODS A modified spontaneous emulsification solvent diffusion method was used to prepare the ORI-loaded atactic poly(D,L-lactic acid) nanoparticles (ORI-PLA-NPs). Surface cross-li...

The effect of oral ribose supplementation on the resynthesis of adenine nucleotides and performance after 1 wk of intense intermittent exercise was examined. Eight subjects performed a random double-blind crossover design. The subjects performed cycle training consisting of 15 x 10 s of all-out sprinting twice per day for 7 days. After training the subjects received either ribose (200 mg/kg bod...

The outer membrane plasminogen activator Pla of Yersinia pestis is a central virulence factor in plague. The primary structure of the Pla beta-barrel is conserved in Y. pestis biovars Antiqua, Medievalis, and Orientalis, which are associated with pandemics of plague. The Pla molecule of the ancestral Y. pestis lineages Microtus and Angola carries the single amino acid change T259I located in su...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ingestion of 100 g of carbohydrates on net muscle protein balance (protein synthesis minus protein breakdown) after resistance exercise. Two groups of eight subjects performed a resistance exercise bout (10 sets of 8 repetitions of leg presses at 80% of 1-repetition maximum) before they rested in bed for 4 h. One group (CHO) received a dr...

PLA emerged as a promising polymer because of its property as a compostable, biodegradable thermoplastic made from renewable sources. PLA can be polymerized from monomers (Lactide or Lactic acid) obtained by fermentation processes from renewable sources such as corn starch or sugarcane. For PLA synthesis, ring opening polymerization (ROP) of Lactide monomer is one of the preferred methods. In t...