Background: Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) has been applied as reliable and improved techniques in this study to compare concentration of various trace elements in normal and abnormal varicose veins. Materials and Methods: Five samples from normal veins and 13 samples from varicose veins bombarded by 2.0 MeV energy proton beams produced by a Van de Graff accelerator in vacuum. T...

Proton-Induced X-ray Emission analysis (PIXE) constitutes a method for trace element analysis characterized by multielemental capability, detection limits in the low ppm-range and size resolution down towards a micrometre. In applications where the sensitivity of the Electron-Induced X-ray Emission (EIXE) analysis is not sufficient and where a spatial resolution not better than a few micrometre...

Nuclear microprobe at 2 MV Tandetron accelerator of Jozef Stefan Institute (JSI) was constructed in the year 2000 with the support of IAEA Technical Cooperation Project SLO/1/004. The measuring station is equipped with instrumentation for micro-Proton-Induced-X-ray-Emission (micro-PIXE), micro-Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (micro-ERDA), micro-Nuclear Reaction Analysis (micro-NRA), Proton Be...

A central problem in archaeological research has been the chronometric dating of petroglyphs (rock engravings). Recent improvements in the understanding of the chemistry of rock varnish (or patina) that develops on rock surfaces in arid regions has resulted in the development of a calibrated dating technique, cation-ratio (CR) dating. This is based on calibrating chemical changes in minor and m...

this study is aimed to identify sources of particulate matter with mean aerodynamic diameterbelow 10 μm (pm10) present in the atmosphere of the metropolitan area of mexico city (mamc), usingsamples obtained from january 1st to june 30th, 2009, analyzed with x-ray spectrometric techniques.minivol samplers were used to collect samples on polycarbonate filters in three sites (north, center, andsou...

background: proton induced x-ray emission (pixe) has been applied as reliable and improved techniques in this study to compare concentration of various trace elements in normal and abnormal varicose veins. materials and methods: five samples from normal veins and 13 samples from varicose veins bombarded by 2.0 mev energy proton beams produced by a van de graff accelerator in vacuum. two specime...

abstract  background: pixe (particle induced x-ray emission) is a suitable method for the analysis of biological samples in which heavy trace elements are contained in light matrix elements. it is very important to know which factors or probably elements act as initial seed and lead to growing the sands. the goal of this study was to compare the relative values of fe/k, cu/k and zn/k for gallst...