Prepubertal removal of the pituitary gland, which in young animals influences sexual maturation, reduces significantly the amount of retinal photoreceptor destruction when the rats are exposed to continuous illumination in adulthood. When crude pituitary gland homogenate is administered to adult rats hypophysectomized prior to puberty, photoreceptor destruction is more severe. Transplantation o...

This chapter explores the hypothalamo-pituitary system and provides a brief description of the principal hormones of the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland. The actions of the individual hormones are discussed in further detail in the chapters dealing with their target glands: hormonal control of the thyroid, parathyroid and adrenal glands is discussed in Chapter 16, hormonal c...

BACKGROUND Colocalization analysis of confocal fluorescence and electron microscopy (EM) are important tools to detect the expression of multiple anterior pituitary hormones within the same cell. Heterozygous (Men1+/-) mice developed pituitary tumors, mostly reported somatolactotrophinomas and ACTH secreting pituitary adenomas but also nonfunctioning tumors. The aim of the study was to run immu...

Post-partum pituitary necrosis (Sheehan's syndrome) is a rare complication of post-partum hemorrhage. The diagnosis can be erratic and often delayed. In this case report of Sheehan's syndrome in the post-partum period, the signs were characterized by agalactia, severe hypoglycemia, and low serum levels of thyroid hormones, cortico-adrenal hormones, and gonadotrophin (FSH, LH). The hypophyseal m...

There is abundant evidence that pituitary and adrenal cortical hormones influence insulin so as to produce marked alterations in its customary action on tissue metabolic patterns. There is little doubt that this reciprocal influence is manifest in many types of tissue and is particularly well established in the cases of liver and muscle. The injection of pituitary or adrenal hormones into norma...

during the islamic lunar month of ramadan millions of muslims abstain from drinking and eating from dawn to sunset. the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intermittent islamic fasting on reproductive function, hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones in men. we measured serum levels of fsh. lh, testosterone, prolactin, fsh, t4 a...

There is abundant evidence that pituitary and adrenal cortical hormones influence insulin so as to produce marked alterations in its customary action on tissue metabolic patterns. There is little doubt that this reciprocal influence is manifest in many types of tissue and is particularly well established in the cases of liver and muscle. The injection of pituitary or adrenal hormones into norma...

Exposure to elemental mercury (Hg) vapour results in an accumulation of Hg in the pituitary, the thyroid, and the testis. In this study, basal serum concentrations of pituitary hormones (thyrotrophin (TSH), prolactin (PRL), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinising hormone (LH] or their response after administration of thyrotrophin and gonadotrophin releasing hormones did not differ b...

Many characteristics of the South American teleost fish Cichlasoma dimerus (body size, easy breeding, undemanding maintenance) make it amenable to laboratory studies. In the last years, many of the fundamental aspects of its reproductive and developmental biology have been addressed in our laboratory. Rather recently, the immunohistochemical localization of pituitary hormones involved in reprod...

The pituitary gland produces hormones that play important roles in both the development and the homeostasis of the body. A deficiency of two or several of these pituitary hormones, known as combined pituitary hormone deficiency, may present in infants or children due to an unknown etiology and is considered congenital or idiopathic. Advancements in our understanding of pituitary development hav...