objective: evaluation of the effects of toxoplasma gondii infection on spermatogenesis in male rats. materials and methods: the rh strain of t. gondii tachyzoites were injected interaperitoneally in an infected group of 35 rats, while 21 rats were used as controls. each ten days from 10- 70 days of post-infection (pi), 5 rats from infected group and 3 rats from control group were scarified. t...

Repetitive processes are a distinct class of 2D systems (i.e. information propagation in two independent directions) of both systems theoretic and applications interest. They cannot be controlled by direct extension of existing techniques from either standard (termed 1D here) or 2D systems theory. In this paper, we exploit their unique physical structure to show how two term, i.e. proportional ...

The authors used the frameworks of reciprocal determinism and occupational socialization to study the effects of work characteristics (consisting of control and complexity of work) on personal initiative (PI)--mediated by control orientation (a 2nd-order factor consisting of control aspiration, perceived opportunity for control, and self-efficacy) and the reciprocal effects of PI on changes in ...

Abstract: In this paper we present a new design methodology to achieve high performances in the setpoint following task by means of a standard Proportional-Integral (PI) controller. In particular, a dynamic inversion procedure is adopted to synthesize a suitable command input to the closed-loop control system. In this way, the PI parameters can be selected for a load rejection purpose, as the d...

The advantage of the Model Reference Adaptive Scheme is to establish robustness with respect to bounded disturbances and unmodeled dynamics. In the model reference adaptive system (MRAS), the desired index of performance is given by the reference model. The tracking error represents the deviation of the plant output from the desired trajectory. The adaptive control without having robustness pro...

In this work, we propose a new control law based on the combination between the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) method and the classical PI controller to extract the maximum power from a photovoltaic PV panel subject to partial shading. The photovoltaic PV panel has a nonlinear Power-Voltage (P-V) characteristic curve which is used in most controllers to find the Maximum Power Point (MPP). In...

A Multi-PI control strategy is presented for block-structured nonlinear systems, aiming to overcome the drawbacks of the conventional nonlinearity inversion control method and improve the closed-loop control performance. Besides, the proposed Multi-PI method applies the traditional PI control algorithm to complex nonlinear systems, simplifying the control problems largely and reducing computati...