Many problems in astrophysics involve relativistic outflows. The plasma dynamics in these scenarios is critical to determine the conditions for the self-consistent evolution of the fields and particle acceleration. Advances in computer power now allow for kinetic plasma simulations, based on the particle-in-cell (PIC) paradigm, capable of providing information about the role of plasma instabili...

This paper considers the problem of an agent searching for a resource or a tangible good in a physical environment, where at each stage of its search it observes one source where this good can be found. The cost of acquiring the resource or good at a given source is uncertain (a-priori), and the agent can observe its true value only when physically arriving at the source. Sample applications in...

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t This paper considers the problem of an agent or a team of agents searching for a resource or tangible good in a physical environment, where the resource or good may possibly be obtained at one of several locations. The cost of acquiring the resource or good at a given location is uncertain (a priori), and the agents can observe the true cost only when physi...

In this paper, we study a genetic algorithm for solving physical mapping problem. First, the physical mapping problem is transferred to an optimization problem by incorporating biological knowledge and limitations into the objective function. Based on the idea of genetic algorithms, the proposed approach integrates Edge Assembly Crossover (EAX) and Inver-over genetic operators to get the optima...

Transistor density on an integrated circuit continues to grow at an exponential rate. The associated complexities when applied to synthesis, layout, and timing analysis will become untenable within the framework of our current technological capabilities. This paper briefly outlines the problems facing the semiconductor industry early into the next decade. A SRC research thrust team consisting o...

background andobjectives: nurses comprise a majority of healthcare professionals. therefore, their quality of life can directly impact the performance of health system at different level. the aim of this study was to explore the potential impact of work shift on physical, mental, and social aspects of nurses’ health.   methods: a sample of 300 nurses from hospitals of the rasht city situated in...

OBJECTIVES To examine the extent to which smoking, alcohol, physical activity and mental health problems in 15-16-year-olds are associated with receipt of medical benefits in young adulthood, after adjustment for confounders. DESIGN Prospective population-based cohort survey linked to national registers. PARTICIPANTS In the 'Youth studies' from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 15 9...

Reality can be interpreted in many ways, but two distinctly different ways are the mental and the emotional interpretation. The traditional way of thinking in science today is the first: an often simple and mechanical interpretation of reality that empowers us to handle the outer physical world with great, often brutal efficiency. The development of a mind that enables us to handle the outer ph...

A 36-item short-form (SF-36) was constructed to survey health status in the Medical Outcomes Study. The SF-36 was designed for use in clinical practice and research, health policy evaluations, and general population surveys. The SF-36 includes one multi-item scale that assesses eight health concepts: 1) limitations in physical activities because of health problems; 2) limitations in social acti...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of a 12-wk period of aquatic training and subsequent detraining on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and physical fitness in females with fibromyalgia. METHODS Thirty-four females with fibromyalgia were randomly assigned into two groups: an exercise group, who exercised for 60 min in warm water, three times a week (N = 17); and a control group, who continu...