the genus fritillaria comprises of 165 taxa of medicinal, ornamental and horticultural importance. evolutionary relationships in this genus is an interesting research area, attracting many researchers. in this study, phylogenetic relationships among 18 native to endemic species in iran belonging to four subgenera petilium, theresia, rhinopetalum and fritillaria, are assessed using chloroplast t...

In order to analyze the genetic diversity and phylogenetic status of the Korean Chikso breed, we determined sequences of mtDNA cytochrome b (cyt b) gene and performed phylogenetic analysis using 239 individuals from 5 Chikso populations. Five non-synonymous mutations of a total of 15 polymorphic sites were identified among 239 cyt b coding sequences. Thirteen haplotypes were defined, and haplot...

A comprehensive analysis of amniote interrelationships is presented in an attempt to test turtle interrelationships. The results refute earlier hypotheses that turtles are related to parareptiles, i.e. to procolophonids or pareiasaurs. Instead, turtles are shown to be the sistergroup of Sauropterygia, the two clades being nested within Sauria as sister-group of Lepidosauriformes. This scenario ...

We describe a new species of Eupsophus from the Coastal Range of Southern Chile. The new taxon can be differentiated using an integrative taxonomic approach that includes advertisement call, reproductive mode, tadpoles, and mtDNA D-loop sequences. Based on karyological characters, the new species is assigned to the roseus Group (2N=30), and differs from all described species therein by having e...

An intraspecies phylogenetic grouping of 168 human commensal Escherichia coli strains isolated from the stools of three geographically distinct human populations (France, Croatia, Mali) was generated by triplex PCR. The distributions of seven known extraintestinal virulence determinants (ibeA, pap, sfa/foc, afa, hly, cnf1, aer) were also determined by PCR. The data from the three populations we...

Trilobites are a highly diverse group of extinct arthropods that persisted for nearly 300 million years. During that time, there was a profusion of morphological form, and they occupied a plethora of marine habitats. Their diversity, relative abundance, and complex morphology make them excellent candidates for phylogenetic analysis, and partly as a consequence they have been the subject of many...