Non-local dependencies occur when a head (e.g. a verb) and its dependent (e.g. an argument) is separated by some intervening material which does not depend on the same head. Because non-local dependencies play an important role in determining predicate–argument structure of sentences, identifying them correctly is essential for Natural Language Processing. However, this task appears to be rathe...

The problem addressed in this paper is to disambiguate grammatically ambiguous input semences by asking the user. who need not be a computer specialist or a linguist, without showing any parse trees or phrase structure rules. Explanation List Comgarison (ELC) is the technique that implements this process. It is applicable to all parsers which are based on phrase structure grammar, regardless of...

The problem addressed in this paper is to disambiguate grammatically ambiguous input semences by asking the user. who need not be a computer specialist or a linguist, without showing any parse trees or phrase structure rules. Explanation List Comgarison (ELC) is the technique that implements this process. It is applicable to all parsers which are based on phrase structure grammar, regardless of...

We evaluate discriminative parse reranking and parser self-training on a new English test set using four versions of the Charniak parser and a variety of parser evaluation metrics. The new test set consists of 1,000 hand-corrected British National Corpus parse trees. We directly evaluate parser output using both the Parseval and the Leaf Ancestor metrics. We also convert the hand-corrected and ...

We describe our SemEval2012 shared Task 5 system in this paper. The system includes three cascaded components: the tagging semantic role phrase, the identification of semantic role phrase, phrase and frame semantic dependency parsing. In this paper, semantic role phrase is tagged automatically based on rules, and takes Conditional Random Fields (CRFs) as the statistical identification model of ...

We describe and evaluate an incremental finite-state parser for Icelandic – the first parser published for the language. Input to the parser is POS tagged text and it generates output according to a shallow syntactic annotation scheme, specifically designed for this project. The parser consists of a phrase structure module and a syntactic functions module. Both modules comprise a sequence of fi...

This paper proposes an efficient linguistic processing strategy for speech recognition and understanding using a dependency structure grammar. The strategy includes parsing and phrase prediction algorithms. After speech processing and phrase recognition based on phoneme recognition, the parser extracts the sentence with the best likelihood taking account of the phonetic likelihood of phrase can...

There has been almost no work on phrase structure annotation and parsing specially designed for learner English despite the fact that they are useful for representing the structural characteristics of learner English. To address this problem, in this paper, we first propose a phrase structure annotation scheme for learner English and annotate two different learner corpora using it. Second, we s...

This paper discusses the consequences of allowing discontinuous constituents in syntactic representions and phrase-structure rules, and the resulting complications for a standard parser of phrase-structure grammar. It is argued, first, that discontinuous constituents seem inevitable in a phrase-structure grammar which is acceptable from a semantic point of view. It is shown that tree-like const...

In this paper we describe a natural language parser for large medical corpora. Sentence parsing is a necessary step to build a sentence representation and to support a wide-coverage semantic interpretation. When applied to limited domains, a good syntax coverage can be obtained from Phrase-Structure rules. Large medical corpora show a strong variability in word and phrase order that requires mo...