VERITAS is an array of four identical telescopes designed for detecting and measuring astrophysical gamma rays with energies in excess of 100 GeV. Each telescope uses a 12 m diameter reflector to collect Cherenkov light from air showers initiated by incident gamma rays and direct it onto a ‘camera’ comprising 499 photomultiplier tubes read out by flash ADCs. We describe here calibration methods...

Using the waveforms from a digital electronic system, an offline analysis technique on pulse shape discrimination (PSD) has been developed to improve neutron-gamma separation in bar-shaped NE-213 scintillator that couples photomultiplier tube (PMT) at each end. The new improved method, called ``valued-assigned PSD'' (VPSD), assigns normalized fitting residual every waveform as PSD value. This p...

An OH radical measurement instrument based on Fluorescence Assay by Gas Expansion (FAGE) has been developed in our laboratory. Ambient air is introduced into a low-pressure fluorescence cell through a pinhole aperture and irradiated by a dye laser at a high repetition rate of 8.5kHz. The OH radical is both excited and detected at 308nm using A-X(0,0) band. To satisfy the high efficiency needs o...

Abstract A pair of a scintillator and Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) is often used as Hard X-Ray (HXR) radiation detector in existing tokamaks such JET, EAST, COMPASS or ASDEX-U. Future nuclear fusion reactors ITER DEMO will use more powerful magnets confine larger volume hot plasma. Placement the detectors for plasma diagnostic be constrained by high temperatures, magnetic fields ionizing present ...

The MicroBooNE detector, to be located on axis in the Booster Neutrino Beamline (BNB) at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), consists of two main components: a large liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC), and a light collection system. Thirty 8inch diameter Hamamatsu R5912-02mod cryogenic photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) will detect the scintillation light generated in the...

The cubic-kilometre neutrino telescope, which consists of large-scale 3D-arrays photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) currently under construction on the Mediterranean seabed, relies accurate calibration procedures in order to answer its science goals. These proceedings present gain method used KM3NeT, is based highly compressed PMT hit information. In particular, it shown that gains can be tuned within...

We are developing a Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography detector using flat panel micro-channel plate photomultiplier tubes (MCP PMT). The high-speed waveform sampling data acquisition is adopted to exploit the fast time response of MCP PMT efficiently by using transmission-line readout scheme. To demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed detector, prototype detector modules were buil...

Abstract Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are widely used underwater in large-scale neutrino experiments. As a hollow glass spherelike structure, implosion is unavoidable during long-term operation under large water pressure. There possibility of cascade to neighbor PMTs due shockwave. Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory designed protection structure for each 20-inch PMT, consisting top cover...

Hyperspectral imaging and analysis approaches offer accurate detection and quantification of fluorescently-labeled proteins and cells in highly autofluorescent tissues. However, selecting optimum acquisition settings for hyperspectral imaging is often a daunting task. In this study, we compared two hyperspectral systems-a widefield system with acoustic optical tunable filter (AOTF) and charge c...

Scintillators have been widely used in radiation detection for almost one century. It has traditionally been used together with a photomultiplier tube (PMT) but in recent years silicon photomultipliers (SPM) has begun to compete with the PMT. This opens opportunities for new applications like pocket size dosimeters. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the use of different scintillator ...